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1、论《红字》中的孤独因素AbstractNathanialHawthorneisanextremelyrenownedAmericanwriteroffiction.Henotonlyhascreatedquietafewclassicnovels,butalsohaswrittenquantitiesofthought-provokingshortstories.Untilnow,HawthorneandhisworkshavebeenthefocusofdiscussionfromtheChi
2、neseandforeignscholars.ThethemeofTheScarletLetterischaracterizedbymultiplicityandvariousconclusionsaredraminthefiledofthethematicstudies.Itseemsthatscholarshaveshownmajorconcernwithsuchdiathesisastheoriginalsin,themoralconsciousnessofHawthorne,religi
3、ousbelief,individualandsociety,thoughtsoffemaledoctrineandtheconflictbetweentheheadandtheheart.However,veryfewscholarshaveeverdoneathoroughresearchintothelonelinessdiathesisofthenovel.Thesedetailedanalysesfourcharacters’lonelinessandexpresstheaspects
4、oflonelinessinTheScarletLetter.KeyWords:TheScarletLetter;loneliness;symbol摘 要纳撒尼尔.霍桑是美国非常著名的小说家。他不仅创造了若干部经典的长篇小说,而且还书写了数量可观且耐人寻味的短篇小说.至今为止,霍桑和他的作品一直是中外学者讨论的对象。《红字》是霍桑的代表作品,它的主题具有多样性的特点,因此在主题研究领域存在各种不同的结论。大部分学者偏重于探讨小说中的原罪意识、霍桑的道德观念、宗教信仰和女性主义思想、个人与社会的关
5、系以及大脑和心灵之间的冲突等因素,而对小说中孤独因素的深入研究并不多见。本文分析小说中的四位主人公各自的孤独感,表达霍桑在小说《红字》中体现的孤独因素。关键词:《红字》;孤独;象征IntroductionTheScarletLetterwasdeclaredaclassicalmostimmediatelyafteritspublicationin1850,andithasstayedinprintandinfavoreversince,ithasbeenhailedbothasthefirst
6、symbolicnovelandasthefirstpsychologicalnovel.ButwhatreallysecurestheplaceofTheScarletLetterintheliteraryhistoryisitstreatmentofhumannature,sin,guilt,andpride-alltimeless,universalthemes-fromauniquelyAmericanpointofview.Therearemanydifferentcommentsan
7、dcriticismandonthewriter’sfamilybackground,thenovelmultiplethemesandwritingstyles,thenovel’ssocialandhistoricalbackdropstogetherwiththenovel’ssignificanceinsocietyandliterature.Thisarticlehasdoneathoroughresearchintotheaspectsoflonelinessinthenovel.T
8、hethesisistoelaboratefourcharacters’loneliness:Hester,Chillingworth,DimmesdaleandlittlePearl.Theyarehavingdifferentloneliness.Hesterisalonelypursuerforlove;Chilingworthisalonelyrevenge-seeker;Dimmesdaleisalonelybeggarforgod’sgrace;Pearlisalonelychild