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1、Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars**阅读理解。Pollution’sgreateffectsontheenvironmenthavebecomemoreobviousinrecentyears,leadingtoamovementtopromoteenergyefficiency(效率),lessrelianceonfossil(化石)fuels,andareductioninairandwaterpollution.Mostscientistsagreethatsuc
2、hchangesarenecessarytoprotectourenvironmentfromfurtherharm.Theconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamountofpollution.IntheUnitedStates,buildinganddevelopmentaccountfor39%ofthecountry’stotalenergyuse,12%oftotalwaterc
3、onsumption,68%oftotalelectricityconsumptionand38%ofcarbondioxideemissions(二氧化碳排放),accordingtotheEnvironmentProtectionAgency.Greenbuildingsuselessenergy,water,createlesswaste,andarehealthiertolive,work,andgotoschoolinthanstandardbuildings.Buildersofgreenbu
4、ildingsusetechniquesthatuseresourcesmoreefficientlyduringtheentirebuildingcycle—construction,restoration,operation,maintenance(维护)anddemolition(拆毁)—thanthosewhoconstructmoreregularbuildings.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofbuildinggreenincludetheprotectionofecos
5、ystems(生态系统)andbiodiversity,improvedairandwaterquality,lesswasteflowingintostreams,andtheprotectionofnaturalresources.Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewermaterialsandimproveindoorairquality,improvingthe
6、healthofpeoplewholiveinsuchbuildings.Theprocessofbuildinggreenincludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithnatureprotectioninmind.Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandnaturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw.Inaddi
7、tion,recycledresourcesfoundlocallyareusedforgreenbuildings,reducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmaterialsoverlongdistances.Carefulsiteselectionisimportanttominimize(最小化)humanimpactonthesurroundingenvironment.Forexample,placingastructure
8、inanareathatallowsittotakeadvantageofcoolbreezes(微风)andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses.Moreenergyandexpenseareneededforlargerbuildingsaswell,soitisimportanttobuildsmall.Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhouses