英国igcse剑桥初中剑桥高中考试商务专业经济专业词汇留学中英文对照

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1、IGCSE商管专业词汇Sectiononebusinessactivitiesandexternalenvironmentchainofproduction生产链primarysector初级部门secondarysector次级部门tertiarysector服务部门Conglomeratemerger多样化兼并diseconomiesofscale规模不经济Economiesofscale规模经济externalgrowth外部性增长Horizontalmerger横向兼并verticalmerger纵向兼并Internalg

2、rowth内部性增长lateralmerger双边兼并Takeover吞并Centralizedeconomy计划经济economicsystem经济体制Marketeconomy市场经济mixedeconomy混合经济Monopolisticcompetition垄断竞争monopoly垄断Oligopoly寡头垄断perfectcompetition完全竞争Assistedareas受助区域Authority当局missionstatement使命陈诉objectives目标shareholders股东stakeholders

3、利益相关者directtax直接税fiscalpolicies财政政策grossdomesticproduct国民生产总值indirecttaxes间接税inflation通货膨胀monetarypolicies货币政策moneysupply货币供给publicexpenditure公共支出domesticmarket国内市场exchangecontrols外汇控制exchangerate汇率internationalmarkets国际市场internationaltrade国际贸易non-tariffbarriers非关税壁垒q

4、uotas定额subsidies补助tradebarriers贸易壁垒Importcontrol进口控制Enterprisezones创业园区Visibletrade实物贸易Sectiontwobusinessorganization，structureandcontrolDeedofpartnership合作条文incorporatedbusiness公司化经营Limitedliability有限责任Runningcosts营运成本start-upcosts初始成本capital资本soleproprietor独资unincor

5、poratedbusiness非公司化经unlimitedliability无限责任creditors债权人gopublic上市privatelimitedcompany私营有限责任公司publiclimitedcompany上市有限责任司stockmarket证券市场Assets资本Economicgrowth经济增长finance融资Gearing杠杆loan贷款overdraft透支cooperative合作franchise加盟jointventure合资企业homecountry本部国家hostcountry宿主国家mu

6、ltinationalcompany跨国公司券市场IGCSE经济中英词汇TheBasicEconomicProblemCapital:资本Consumption:消费ConsumerGoods:生活消费品DemeritGoods:有害品EconomicRent:经济地租Economy:经济Enterprise:企业；企业家才能Exchange:交易FactorsofProduction:生产要素FixedCapital:固定资本FreeGoods:自然资源充足的商品Goods:产品Labour:劳动力MeritGoods:有益品N

7、eeds:需求opportunityCost:机会成本ProductionPossibilityCurve:生产可能性曲线PublicGoods:公共商品Resources:资源Scarcity:稀缺Services:服务TransferEarnings:转移收入Wants:欲望WorkingCapital:营运资本Markets:市场Land:土地AllocationofResourcesComplementarygoods:互补品Contractionindemand:紧缩需求Contractioninsupply：紧缩供给C

8、rosselasticityofdemand:需求的交叉弹性Demand:需求DiminishingMarginalutility:边际效用递减EffectiveDemand:有效需求Elasticity:弹性Equilibrium:平衡Exces