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1、大学英语读写译（一）期末测试题（2）PartI.ReadingComprehension(50%)SectionA.SkimmingandScanning(10%)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet.Forquestions1-7,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiv
2、eninthepassage;N(forNO)ifstatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestion8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.Ifitweren’tfornicotine,peoplewouldn’tsmoketobacco.W
3、hy?Becauseofthemorethan4000chemicalsintobaccosmoke,nicotineistheprimaryonethatactsonthebrain,alteringpeople’smoods,appetitesandalertnessinwaystheyfindpleasantandbeneficial.Unfortunately,asitiswidelyknown,nicotinehasadarkside:itishighlyaddictive.Oncesmoke
4、rsbecomehookedonit,theymustgettheirfixofitregularly,sometimesseveraldozentimesaday.Cigarettesmokecontains43knowncarcinogens,whichmeansthatlong-termsmokingcanamounttoadeathsentence.IntheUSalone,420,000Americansdieeveryyearfromtobacco-relatedillnesses.Brea
5、kingnicotineaddictionisnoteasy.Eachyear,nearly35millionpeoplemakeaconcertedefforttoquitsmoking.Sadly,lessthan7percentsucceedinabstainingformorethanayear;moststartsmokingagainwithindays.Sowhatisnicotineandhowdoesitinsinuateitselfintothesmoker’sbrainandver
6、ybeing?Thenicotinefoundintobaccoisapotentdrugandsmokers,andevensomescientists,sayitofferscertainbenefits.Oneisenhanceperformance.Onestudyfoundthatnon-smokersgivendosesofnicotinetypedabout5percentfasterthantheydidwithoutit.Togreaterorlesserdegrees,usersal
7、sosaynicotinehelpsthemtomaintainconcentration,reduceanxiety,relievepain,andevendampentheirappetites(thushelpinginweightcontrol).Unfortunately,nicotinecanalsoproducedeleteriouseffectsbeyondaddiction.Athighdoses,asareachievedfromtobaccoproducts,itcancauseh
8、ighbloodpressure,distressintherespiratoryandgastrointestinalsystemsandanincreaseinsusceptibilitytoseizuresandhypothermia.Firstisolatedasacompoundin1828,initspureformnicotineisaclearliquidthatturnsbrownwhenburnedandsmellsli
