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1、人教版高二英语上知识点归纳浙江慈溪杨贤江中学潘瑞能1.在英语中,do,have,make,take这四个动词,加上名词作宾语(名词前可有形容词)构成词组,可以表达许多不同含义,其意义相当于在名词前加上一个相关动词,现分述如下:(1)do+名词e.g.Maryhasdone(=haswritten)anarticle.玛丽写了一篇文章。Hewilldo(=draw)alargeportrainofRenChangxia.他要为任长霞画一幅大画像。docomputerstudy=studycomputerdotheroom=cleantheroomdothedishes=washt
2、hedishesdoone’shair=combone’shairdoone’steeth=brushone’steethdoscience=studysciencedoaconcert=hearaconcertdothetower=visitthetowerdoJapan=visitJapando20miles=travel20milesdoone’sguestswell=serveone’sguestswell有时宾语也可用doing,并在doing前加some。dosomereading=readsomebooks,readsomepagesdosomestudying=
3、studysomethingdosomewalking=walkforsometime还有domostofthetalking,dosomemorningshopping等。(2)have+名词e.g.Wehadalongtalk(=talkedforalongtime)lastSunday.上星期天我们进行了一次长谈。They’rehavingarest(=resting).他们在休息。此类结构常见的还有:haveachat,havealookat…,haveadrink,haveaninterview,haveasmoke,haveafight,haveabath,have
4、adream名词前可有修饰成分,如havenorespect,havenowish,havesomegoodlaughs,haveonemoretry等。有时意义上等于在名词前加上一个相关的动词,如:havealesson(class)上一节课haveanX-ray进行X光检查haveagreatsuccess取得很大成功haveasmallaccident出了小事故haveaheadache(aflu,cold)得头疼病(流感,感冒)haveababy生孩子haveone’sadvice听从某人的建议haveatelegram收到一封电报haveananswer有了答案(3)
5、make+名词(相当于名词的动词含义)e.g.Thepolicemadeanexaminationinherroom.警察检查了她的房间。Theteachermadeaclearexplanation.老师清楚地作了解释。Wemadeacomparisonofthetwoarticles.我们把这两篇文章作了比较。makeanattempt=attemptmakeasuggest=suggest还有makeavisit参观,makealongstay住了很长时间,makeanotherstart又重新开始了,makepreparations作准备,makearrangement
6、s作安排,makedecisions作决定,makeachoice作选择,makeamap画一张地图,maketea沏茶,makeanexpression留下印象(4)take+名词(相当于名词相应的动词)e.g.Hetookalookat(=lookat)thisbook.他看了一下这本书。Iwanttotakeanap(=nap).我想午休一会儿。这类词组还有:takeabath洗澡takeawalk散步takeexercise进行锻炼takeanaction采取行动takeanexamination进行考试,进行检查takeatrip旅行相当于“吃,喝,吸(入)”,如:t
7、akethefood,takepills,takemedicine,taketea(coffee),takeaglassofbeer,takesugar,takeabreathoffreshair,还有:takeataxi(bus,train…)坐出租车(公共汽车,火车……)takearoom要一个房间,租用一个房间takeone’sadvice接受……的建议takeajob承担一项工作takeone’sdegree接受……学位takechemistry选学化学2.with的一种用法with