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1、2013高考英语二轮复习精品资料专题10定语从句教学案(教师版)【2013高考考纲解读】定语从句是中学英语教学的重点,也是学生学习的难点,同时又是高考考查的热点。纵观近年各地高考试题,就能发现考点大多集中在带有"插入语"的定语从句;which、as引导的非限定性定语从句;where、when引导的定语从句以及定语从句和强调句、同位语从句的区别等方面。对定语从句的考查不单纯考查其语法结构,而是把它融入到一定的语境中,考查考生的实际综合运用能力。【重点知识整合】在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词,关系代词有that,which
2、,who,whom,whose,as,关系副词有when,where,why。一、关系词的基本用法who指人,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语关系代词whom指人,在从句中作宾语whose指人或物,在从句中作定语that指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语关系副词as指人、物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语when指时间,在从句中作时间状语where指地点,在从句中作地点状语why指原因,在从句中作原因状语(1)Theman(whom/who/that)mymothersawinthestreetismyteacher.(2)Thebookwhich/thattell
3、susabouttheearthisinteresting.(3)Shelivesinahousewhosewindowsfacessouth.(4)DoyouknowtheboywhosefatherisanEnglishteacher?(5)Ihaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.(6)I’llneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIjoinedthearmy.(7)Iwon’tforgetthefactorywhere/inwhichmyfatherworked.(8)Tellmethereasonwhyyoucamelate.二、必须
4、用“that”引导的定语从句1、当先行词是不定代词all,little,few,much,anything,everything,none,nothing,noone,some等时。Hedideverythingthathecouldtohelpus.2、先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,theright,last,few,just等修饰时。Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。Thisis
5、themostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.4、当先行时前有such或thesame修饰时,先行词和关系代词指同一物时。Sheiswearingthesamedressthatsheworeyesterday.5、先行词既有人又有物时,Latertheytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.6、当主句是以who或which开始时的特殊疑问句时,Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?7、在同一个句子里,若有两个定语从句,其中一个关系词已用了which,另一个宜用that
6、.Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.8、当关系代词在从句中作表语时。(只限于限制性定语从句中)Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.9、当先行词是集体名词时,多用that,Hewantstojointheteamthatwonthegame.10、that在有些句型中可作为关系副词,且可省略。Idon’tliketheway(that)hetalkstome.三、只用which不用that时情况1、引导非限制性定语从句时:Brucewenttowardt
7、hefire,whichwasstillsmoking.2、先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunlived.3、先行词本身是that时:What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?4、先行词后有插入语时,HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asI’vetoldyou,willhelp