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1、摘要换热器，是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备，使流体温度达到工艺流程规定的指标的热量交换设备，又称热交换器。换热器是化工、石油、动力、食品及其它许多工业部门的通用设备，在生产中占有重要地位。双孔重叠加热半容积式换热器内置加热器，主要原理是通过提高管内热媒与管外被加热水的流速，变层流换为紊流换热，充分发挥换热管的热交换作用，消除被加热水的短路现象，大幅度提高传热系数，从而达到提高传热效率，提高供热量。本设计的双孔重叠加热半容积换热器。对于本设计我做了相关研究，主要包括以下几点：首先确定双孔重叠换热器的结构方案，并说明其工作原理。其次，设计了材料的选取方向以
2、及参考参数进行计算。首先进行工艺计算，确认传热面积、平均温差、估计换热量及产热水量以及传热系数K，计算压力降。U型管换热器的结构设计，其中包括：筒体内径的确定，管板和换热管的选择、支撑板、折流板拉杆与定距离.防短路结构，吊耳、防冲挡板、法兰的选用、垫片、支座。U型管换热器开孔、罐体水压试验及其壳体的强度校核、换热器管程水压试验及其壳体强度校核、管板校核检验与控制，这章主要介绍如何控制及使用此换热器，及需要注意的地方，并且配有图纸。最后是制造、检验、安装与维修，这里包括个零件的制造的工艺要求，以及装配过程，出现故障的处理方法等等。最后是结论。关键字:工艺计算；U
3、型管换热器设计；强度校核；检测与控制；制造；安全及维修AbstractTheheatexchangerisadevicewhichcantransfertheheatoftheheatfluidtothecoldfluid,sothatthefluidtemperaturecanreachtheindexoftheprocessflow.Heatexchangerisageneralequipmentforchemical,petroleum,power,foodandmanyotherindustrialsectors,andplaysanimportant
4、roleintheproduction.Doubleoverlappingheatingsemivolumetricheatexchangerbuilt-inheater,themainprincipleisthroughimprovethetubeoftheheatmediumandthetubebyheatingthewaterflowrate,laminarconvectiveturbulentconvectionheattransfer,givefullplaytotheheatexchangetubeheatexchangeeffectandtoel
5、iminatetheshort-circuitphenomenonofthewaterheating,greatlyimprovethetransmissioncoefficientofheat,soastoimprovetheheattransferefficiency,improvetheamountofheating.Thedesignofthedoubleoverlappingheatinghalfvolumeheatexchanger.Ididtheresearchforthedesign,mainlyincludingthefollowingsev
6、eralpoints:firstdetermineDoubleoverlapforthestructuredesignoftheheatexchanger,anditsworkprinciple.Secondly,thedesignofthematerialselectiondirectionandreferenceparametersarecalculated.Theprocesscalculationiscarriedout,theheattransferarea,theaveragetemperaturedifference,theheattransfe
7、rcoefficientandtheheattransfercoefficientKarecalculated,andthepressuredropiscalculated.U-tubeheatexchangerstructuredesign,including:theinnerdiameterofthecylinderbodyaredetermined,selectionoftubeplateandaheatexchangetube,asupportplate,abaffleplatepullrodandfixeddistance.Antishortcirc
8、uitstructure,lug,im
