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1、《Unit7Wherewouldyouliketovisit-TheLouvre》文章素材TheLouvreMuseum(MuséeduLouvre)inParis,France,isoneofthelargestandmostfamousmuseumsintheworld.Thebuilding,aformerroyalpalace,liesinthecentreofParis,betweentheSeineriverandtheRuedeRivoli.Itscentralcourtyard,nowoccupiedbytheLouvregla
2、sspyramid,liesintheaxisoftheChamps-Élysées,andthusformsthenucleusfromwhichtheAxehistoriquesprings.PartoftheroyalPalaceoftheLouvrewasfirstopenedtothepublicasamuseumonNovember8,1793,duringtheFrenchRevolution.ThebuildingThefirstroyal"CastleoftheLouvre"onthissitewasfoundedbyPhil
3、ippeIIin1190,asafortresstodefendParisonitswestagainstVikingattacks.Inthe14thcentury,CharlesVturneditintoapalace,butFrancoisIandHenriIItoreitdowntobuildarealpalace;thefoundationsoftheoriginalfortresstowerarenowundertheSalledesCariatides(RoomoftheCaryatids).Theexistingpartofth
4、eChateauduLouvrewasbegunin1546.ThearchitectPierreLescotintroducedtoParisthenewdesignvocabularyoftheRenaissance,whichhadbeendevelopedinthechateauxoftheLoire.Hisnewwingfortheoldcastledefineditsstatus,asthefirstamongtheroyalpalaces.J.A.duCerceaualsoworkedontheLouvre.Duringhisre
5、ign(1589-1610),KingHenriIVaddedtheGrandeGalerie.Morethanaquarterofamilelongandonehundredfeetwide,thishugeadditionwasbuiltalongthebankoftheSeineRiverandatthetimewasthelongestedificeofitskindintheworld.HenriIV,apromoterofthearts,invitedhundredsofartistsandcraftsmentoliveandwor
6、konthebuilding'slowerfloors.ThistraditioncontinuedforanothertwohundredyearsuntilNapoleonendedit.ArchitectClaudePerrault'seasternwing(1665-1680),crownedbyanuncompromisingItalianbalustradealongitsdistinctlynon-Frenchflatroof,wasaground-breakingdepartureinFrencharchitecture.His
7、severedesignwaschosenoveradesignprovidedbythegreatBernini,whocametoParisforthepurpose.PerraulthadtranslatedtheRomanarchitectVitruviusintoFrench.NowPerrault'srhythmicalpairedcolumnsformashadowedcolonnadewithacentralpedimentedtriumphalarchentranceraisedonahigh,ratherdefensiveb
8、asement,inarestrainedclassicizingbaroquemannerthathasprovidedmodelsforgrand
