环境科学专业英语教程-《环境科学专业英语教程》

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1、环境科学专业英语教程Unit1TextA:EnvironmentHumanshavealwaysinhabitedtwoworlds.Oneisthenaturalworldofplants,animals,soils,air,andwaterthatprecededusbybillionsofyearsandofwhichweareapart.Theotheristheworldofsocialinstitutionsandartifactsthatwecreateforourselvesusingscience,technology,andpoliticalorgan

2、ization.Bothworldsareessentialtoourlives,butintegratingthemsuccessfullycausesenduringtensions.Whereearlierpeoplelimitedabilitytoaltertheirsurroundings,wenowhavepowertoextractandconsumeresources,producewastes,andmodifyourworldinwaysthatthreatenbothourcontinuedexistenceandthatofmanyorganism

3、swithwhichwesharetheplanet.Toensureasustainablefutureforourselvesandfuturegenerations,weneedtounderstandsomethingabouthowourworldworks,whatwearedoingtoit,andwhatwecandotoprotectandimproveit.EnvironmentandEnvironmentScienceEnvironment(fromtheFrenchenvironner:toencircleorsurround)canbedefin

4、edas(1)thecircumstanceorconditionsthatsurroundanorganismorgroupoforganisms,or(2)thecomplexofsocialorculturalconditionsthataffectanindividualorcommunity.Sincehumansinhabitthenaturalaswellasthe“built”ortechnological,social,andculturalworld,allconstituteimportantpartsofourenvironment.Environ

5、mentalscience,then,isthesystematicstudyofourenvironmentandourproperplaceinit.Arelativelynewfield,environmentalscienceishighlyinterdisciplinary,integratingnaturaloftheworldaroundus.Incontrasttomoretheoreticaldisciplines,environmentalscienceismission-oriented.Thatis,itseeksnew,valid,general

6、izableknowledgeaboutthenaturalworldandourimpactsonit,butobtainingthisinformationcreatesaresponsibilitytogetinvolvedintryingtodosomethingabouttheproblemswehavecreated.AsdistinguishedeconomistBarbaraWardpointsout,foranincreasingnumberofenvironmentalissues,thedifficultyisnottoidentifyremedie

7、s.Remediesarenowwellunderstood.Theproblemistomakethemsocially,economically,andpoliticallyacceptable.Forestersknowhowtoplanttrees，butnottoestablishconditionsunderwhichvillagersindevelopingcountriescanmanageplantationsforthemselves.Engineersknowhowtocontrolpollution,b