英语_独立成分

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1、B.独立分词1775一个作状语的分词，如果它的意义上的主语很模糊或泛指一般人，此主语就可以省略，这个分词就成为“独立分词”，在多数情况下它都用在句子开头，偶尔也可放在其他位置。分词的这种用法只限于下面这些分词(参阅1097—1098):Consideringhisage(大致相当于Ifweconsiderhisage),heisclever・Allowingfortherain,hewillarriveatten.Speaking(orTalking)ofthefootballmatch,ourteamwasratherdisappointing・Regarding(o

2、rRespecting)suchmatters,itishardtosayanything・Concerningthenextstep,afurtherdiscussionseemsnecessary・Comingtothequestionofmarriage,Ihavesomethingtosay.Judgingfromreports,theeconomicconditionisnowworsethanlastyear・Judgingbytheappearance,thisarticlecan'tbeGermanmade・Granting(orAdmitting)th

3、athewasdrunk,heshouldnothaveinsultedmywife・Supposing(orSuppose)thatIfallsick,nobodywilltakecareofme.Generallyspeaking,peopleinthistownarehappy.Strictly(orProperly,Roughly)speaking,everybodyismoreorlessselfish・Puttingthisandthattogether,heisstillhappy.Barringaccidents,heshouldbeherethisev

4、ening・Beggingyourpardon,yoursonisrathernaughty・Weshallarrivebeforedusk,provided(orproviding)(that)wewalkfaster・Youcaninformmeofthismatter,seeingthatyouhavestudieditmanyyears・Therearethirtypersons,notcountingthechildren.Therearethirtystudents,includingtengirls・Thismatterisgrowingserious,a

5、ccordingtothepapers・Nothingcanbedone,considering(thecircumstances)・C・独立不定式1776虽说不定式的作用和分词差不多，但我们必须说tospeakthetruth,而不能说speakingthetruth,只能说tobefrank,而不能说beingfrank；必须说consideringhisage,而不能说toconsiderhisage,只能说regardingsuchmatters,而不能说toregardsuchmatters,这个现象是十分有趣的。下面例子说明在什么情况下需用不定式(参阅114

6、2):Tospeakthe(precise)truth(大致相当于IfIamtospeakthetruth),Icandoverylittleforyou.Tospeakplainly(orfrankly),itisnobusinessofours・Tobefrank(orplain,sincere)withyou,Ihavenomoneytospare・Nottomincematters,Igetmarriednextweek・Toputitbluntly,thatisnothingbutalie.Nottoputtoofineapointonit,heisrath

7、erhardup.Todohimjustice,Johnhaslivedanddiedforhiscountry・Todoherdue,shelooksattractive・Toreturn(orTogetback)tooursubject,thefarmerhadadaughter…Toresume(orTogoonwithmystory),JohndecidedtomarryLilian...Tochangethesubject,inthecountrysidetherelivedaprettygirl...Toproceedtoth