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1、附录一外文资料原文：ABOUTJAVATECHNOLOGYServletsandJSP:AnOverview1.WhatareJavaServlets?ServletsareJavatechnology'sanswertoCGIprogramming.TheyareprogramsthatrunonaWebserverandbuildWebpages.BuildingWebpagesontheflyisuseful(andcommonlydone)foranumberofreasons:·TheW
2、ebpageisbasedondatasubmittedbytheuser.Forexampletheresultspagesfromsearchenginesaregeneratedthisway,andprogramsthatprocessordersfore-commercesitesdothisaswell.·Thedatachangesfrequently.Forexample,aweather-reportornewsheadlinespagemightbuildthepagedyna
3、mically,perhapsreturningapreviouslybuiltpageifitisstilluptodate.·TheWebpageusesinformationfromcorporatedatabasesorothersuchsources.Forexample,youwouldusethisformakingaWebpageatanon-linestorethatlistscurrentpricesandnumberofitemsinstock.2.WhataretheAdv
4、antageofServletsOver"Traditional"CGI?Javaservletsaremoreefficient,easiertouse,morepowerful,moreportable,andcheaperthantraditionalCGIandthanmanyalternativeCGI-liketechnologies.(Moreimportantly,servletdevelopersgetpaidmorethanPerlprogrammers:-).·Efficie
5、nt.WithtraditionalCGI,anewprocessisstartedforeachHTTPrequest.IftheCGIprogramdoesarelativelyfastoperation,theoverheadofstartingtheprocesscandominatetheexecutiontime.Withservlets,theJavaVirtualMachinestaysup,andeachrequestishandledbyalightweightJavathre
6、ad,notaheavyweightoperatingsystemprocess.Similarly,intraditionalCGI,ifthereareNsimultaneousrequesttothesameCGIprogram,thenthecodefortheCGIprogramisloadedintomemoryNtimes.Withservlets,however,thereareNthreadsbutonlyasinglecopyoftheservletclass.Servlets
7、alsohavemorealternativesthandoregularCGIprogramsforoptimizationssuchascachingpreviouscomputations,keepingdatabaseconnectionsopen,andthelike.·Convenient.Hey,youalreadyknowJava.WhylearnPerltoo?Besidestheconvenienceofbeingabletouseafamiliarlanguage,servl
8、etshaveanextensiveinfrastructureforautomaticallyparsinganddecodingHTMLformdata,readingandsettingHTTPheaders,handlingcookies,trackingsessions,andmanyothersuchutilities.·Powerful.Javaservletsletyoueasilydoseveralthingsthataredifficultorimpossibl
