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1、USHIOKUSHIMAistheoldestresidentofOgimi,themostelderlycommunityinJapan-thecountrywheretheaverageageishigherthananywhereelseintheworld.At108,shestilltakestothefloorfortraditionalJapanesedances.AfterwardsshedabsalittleFrenchperfumebehindherearsandsipsthelocalfirewater.OkushimawasbornwhenJa
2、panhadonlyrecentlyseenofftheshogunwarlords.Ifanageingpopulationisontheway,sheisnotabadadvertforwhatwehaveinstore.Thelandoftherisingsunhasbecomethelandofthesettingsunwithstaggeringspeed.Asrecentlyas1984,Japanhadtheyoungestpopulationinthedevelopedworld,butby2005ithadbecometheworld'smostel
3、derlycountry.Soonitwillbecomethefirstcountrywheremostpeopleareover50yearsold.ThisispartlybecauseJapanesepeoplelivelongest:mencanexpecttoreach79andwomen86.ItisalsopartlybecausetheJapanesehavealmostgivenuphavingbabies:thefertilityrateisjust1.2childrenperwoman,farlowerthanthe2.1neededtomai
4、ntainasteadypopulation.TherestoftheworldisfollowingJapan'sexample.In19countries,fromSingaporetoIceland,peoplehavealifeexpectancyofabout80years.Ofallthepeopleinhumanhistorywhoeverreachedtheageof65,halfarealivenow.Meanwhile,womenaroundtheworldhavehalfasmanychildrenastheirmothers.AndifJapa
5、nisthemodel,theirdaughtersmayhavehalfasmanyastheydo.Homosapiensisageingfast,andtheimplicationsofthismayoverwhelmallotherfactorsshapingthespeciesoverthecomingdecades-withmorewrinkliesthanpimplies,morewalkingframesthanbikestabilisers,moreslippersandpipesthanbooteesandbuggies,andmoregreypo
6、werthanstudentpower.Thelongevityrevolutionaffectseverycountry,everycommunityandalmosteveryhousehold.Itpromisestorestructuretheeconomy,reshapethefamily,redefinepoliticsandevenrearrangethegeopoliticalorderoverthecomingcentury.Therevolutionhastwoaspects.First,wearenotproducingbabieslikeweu
7、sedto.Injustageneration,worldfertilityhashalvedtojust2.6babiesperwoman.InmostofEuropeandmuchofeastAsia,fertilityisclosertoonechildperwomanthantwo,waybelowlong-termreplacementlevels.ThenotionthatthepopulationsofplacessuchasBrazilandIndiawillgoonexpandinglooksmisplaced:infact,the
