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1、-摘要本文介绍了采用ATmega48单片机实现恒速风扇控制器的方法。概括地说就是通过用ATmega48单片机控制双向可控硅的导通角的大小来实现对电机的转速控制,同时要将给定转速显示在DG03532液晶显示器的液晶屏上。由于单片机的工作电源为直流5V,电机为交流220V,需要从交流220V中整流出直流5V电源;双向可控硅的导通角分别通过转速上升键、转速下降键来实现,而且能适应不同工频电压下的工作环境。在硬件设计部分,运用Protel软件绘制出原理图,从原理图中所涉及的元件的选择开始介绍,对原理图进行
2、了各部分的功能的实现进行讲解并详细解释所选元件值的计算方法。在软件设计部分,通过前面对AVR系列ATmega48单片机的指令系统、硬件结构和管脚功能的具体介绍,用AVR的汇编语言编程并配合程序流程图对程序进行解释,使通过程序实现电机的转速控制和显示、双向可控硅触发功能以及DG03532液晶的显示驱动等功能,并通过对所编写程序在AVRStudio上的调试,验证了程序的正确性及可用性。关键词:小型单相异步电机双向可控硅DG03532液晶显示器ATmega48.---ABSTRACTThispaperi
3、ntroducesthemethodthatusestheATmega48single-chiptorealizetheconstantspeedventilatorcontroller.Generallyspeaking,itusesATmega48single-chiptocontrolthebreakoveranglesizeoftheTRAICtorealizetocontrolthespeedofsingle-phaseasynchronousmotor,atthesametime,it
4、mustmakethegivenspeednumberdisplayontheLCD,whosemodelisDG03532.BecausetheworkpowersupplyoftheATmega48single-chipis5VDC,andtheworkpowersupplyofsingle-phaseasynchronousmotoris220VAC,itmustexchangethesourcefrom220VACto5VDCusingtherectification;itusestheu
5、panddownkeyofthespeedtocontrolthebreakoveranglesizeoftheTRAIC,atthesametime,itmustadapttodifferentworkingenvironmentthathasdifferentfrequency.Todesignthepartofhardware,itusesProteltodrawtheschematicdiagram.Thepaperalsoreducesthechoiceofcomponentsinvol
6、ved,thefunctionsofthevariouspartsinvolved,andthecalculationmethodsofthevalueofthecomponents.Todesignthepartofsoftware,withtheinformationoftheinstructionsystem,thehardwarestructureandthefunctionofthepinoftheATmega48single-chipreducedabove,thepapermakes
7、theprocedurewithassemblylanguageandexplainsthemwiththeprocedureflowchat,inordertomakethefunctionsmentionedaboveachieved,itusesAVRStudiototesttheproceduretoverifytheprocedure,andmakestheprocedureaccurateandavailable.Keywords:single-phaseasynchronousmot
8、orTRAICDG03532LCDATmega48.---目录第一章概述........................................................................................................................11.1小型单相异步电机...........................................................................