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1、CommentonFrancisBacon’sOfStudiesOfStudiesisoneoffamousworkswrittenbyFrancisBacon’s,anEnglishphilosopher,statesman,andessayistofElizabethanage.FrancisBaconcommentsforcefullyonthevalueofreadingandlearningthroughoutthisconcise,one-paragraphessay.Hestrivestopersuadeustostudy,andtellsushowtostudyeffic
2、iently.OfStudiesisanessaywrittentoinformusofthebenefitsofstudying,whichtellsusthatnaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplantsthatneedpruningbystudy.Itcanbedividedintothreelevels.Inthefirstlevel,thewritertellsthepurposesorusesofstudies:Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Thesecondlevelistote
3、llusthemethodsofreadingbooks:Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.Thelastlevelintroducestheeffectofstudies:Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritingandexactman.Baconappliesmanyfiguresofspeechtothisessay,suchasparallelism,ellipsis,simileandanalogy.Th
4、osefiguresofspeechcontributetoexpresstheauthor’sthoughtandmaketheessayinfectiousandpersuasive.⑴parallelismandellipsisParallelismisalsocalledparallelstructure.Parallelismistheuseofcomponentsinasentencethataregrammaticallythesame;orsimilarintheirconstruction,soundormeaning.Itappearsthroughoutthewho
5、leessay.Forexample:Readingmakethafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.Bowlingisgoodforthestoneandreins;shootingforthelungsandbreast;gentlewalkingforthestomach;ridingfort
6、hehead;andthelike.Theordersarealwaysfromlighttoheavy,andusuallyfrombottomtoclimax.Thiskindofarrangementsimplifiesthelanguagestructureandcreatesvisualbeautyofsymmetry.Fromthestylisticfunctions,itisadvantageousforexpressingstrongfeelings,outstandingtheemphasizedcontents,andenhancingthestrengthoflan
7、guage.Inthisessay,heusesalargeamountofparallelismcombinedwithellipsis,makingtheessaymoreconciseandthekeyinformationmoreprominent.JustlikethefirstexamplesImentionedabove,theauthoromit“maketh”inthesecondandthirdpartstoav
