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时间:2018-12-06
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1、拥有学习能力的机器人 January17,201406:26pmETYourRobotHelperisOnTheWayNowItCanLearnFromItsFriends I’llberightwithyousir,justafterIputthiscupaway.Thisisacup,right?Credit:garrettc.Viewfullsizeimage ThisarTIclewasoriginallypublishedatTheConversaTIon.ThepublicaTIoncontributedthearTIcletoLiveScience’sExpertV
2、oices:Op-Ed&Insights. Januaryisatimewhenmanyofusseektobetterourselves.Wewanttolearnanewskillorimproveanexistingone.Anetworkdesignedespeciallyforrobots,RoboEarth,isbeingtestedintheNetherlandstohelpthemwiththeirattemptsatself-improvement.Soonourmechanicalfriendswillbeabletoswaptipsonhowtobestcarefo
3、rusandlearnabouttheirworlds. AsdemonstratedbyGoogle’srecentpurchaseofroboticscompaniesandAmazon’sautomatedwarehouses,intelligent,autonomousservicerobotsarestartingtolookcommerciallyviable. Servicerobotsaremachineswhichcanperformtaskswithorforhumansinnormalenvironments(ratherthanincontrolledfacto
4、rysettings).Intelligent,autonomousservicerobotshavesomefreedomabouthowtheycompletetasksandneedtomakedecisionsabouthowtoactbasedonwhattheyknowandcansense. Therearerobotsthatcanmakesandwiches,findobjectsinyourhome,doyourwashingandevenassembleIkeafurniture. Easyonthemayo,please.Sandwich-makingrobot
5、s Learningfromscratcheverytime Whenbuildingsystemssuchasthese,oneofthemajorbottlenecksisprovidingtherobotwiththeknowledgeabouttheworlditneedsinordertoperformitstask.Thisknowledgeisusuallycentredaroundtheobjectsinvolvedinatask:whattheylooklike,howtheycanbepickeduporwheretheycanbefound.Knowledgeab
6、outspace(mapsofbuildingsandrooms)andaction(howtochangetheworldtoachieveaparticularend)isusuallyessentialtoo. Butrobotshavenobuilt-inknowledgeaboutthesekindsofthings.Everythingtheyneedtoknowmustbeengineeredintotheirsoftwaresomehow,suchasbyusingmachinelearningtechniquesthenconnectingtheresultsofthi
7、strainingtosymbolswithintherobot’ssoftwaretoallowittorefertothethingsintheworld. Thisknowledgeengineeringtypicallytakesahugeamountoftimeforevenasimpletaskandisusuallylimitedinthattherobotonlyendsupknowingaboutex
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