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1、胶东半岛地区气象因子对冬小麦产量影响的研究摘要:以胶东半岛的牟平农商里村试验田为研究区,结合当地气象资料对胶东半岛地区冬小麦最佳播期进行了研究。结果表明,小麦从播种至出苗需积温118.9°C,从出苗至越冬前每长1片叶需积温86.7°C;小麦在越冬期间仍在牛长,一般牛长1片叶上下,每长1片叶需积温43.4°C;从返青期的心叶算起到旗叶期主茎都是生长7片叶。为形成冬前6叶1心的壮苗标准且达到最高产量,需要在9月29FI至10月5日间播种。小麦的穗数、每穗粒数、千粒重、产量与气候因素密切相关,在生长期间易受气象灾害的影响而导致产量降
2、低。关键词:气象因子;冬小麦;最佳播期;产量;影响;胶东半岛屮图分类号:S161;S512.1文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2017)01-0056-08D0I:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.01.015ResearchonImpactofMeteorologicalFactorsonWinterWheatYieldinJiaodongPeninsulaLIANGBol,WANGBing2,JIANGDa-qi3,SONGJia-yingl,WANGNa4,LINXiu-d
3、ong5(l.McteorologicalObservatoryofMuping,Yantai264100,Shandong,China;2.MeteorologicalBureauofYantai,Yantai264003,Shandong,China;3.Agro-technicalStationofMuping,Yaritdi264100,Shandong,China;4.YantaiMarineEnvironmentalMonitoring&ForecastingCenter,Yantai264003,Shandong
4、,China;5.MeteorologicalObservatoryofShidao,Weihai264309,Shandong,China)Abstract:TakingNongshanglivillage,Mupingdistrict,Jiaodongpeninsulaasstudyarea,theoptimumsowingdateofwinterwheatinShandongpeninsulacombinedwasanalyzedcombiningwiththelocalmeteorologicaldata.Theres
5、ultsshowedthatwheatneededtheaccumulatedtemperatureof118.9°Cfromsowingtoseedingemergence,andeachleafneededaccumulatedtemperatureof86.7°Cfromseedingemergencetothepreviouswinter.Duringtheoverwinteringperiod,wheatwasstillgrowing,generallygrewaboutapieceofleaf,andeachlea
6、fgrowingneedsaccumulatedtemperatureof43.4°C.Fromtheheartleavesatreturninggreenstagetothemainstematflagloafexpandingstage,leavesgrewfor7.Inordertoreachthestandardofstrongseedlinginthestageofsixleavesaheartbeforewinterandthehighestyield,thesowingdatewasnecessarytoarra
7、ngeintheSeptember29thtoOctober5th.Thespikenumbers,grainsperear,1000-grainweightandyileldofwheatwereclosecorrelationwithclimaticfactors.Duringthegrowthperiod,wheatwasvulnerabletometeorologicaldisaster,loadingtothedecreaseofyield.Keywords:meteorologicalfactors;winterw
8、heat;optimumsowingdate;yield;effect;Shandongpeninsula近年來,受全球气候暖化影响,极端气候事件增多,各类农业气象灾害频发[1,2],多个国家、地区的气候条件对农作物的生长发育进程的影响正在发牛变化,气象因子及气象灾害对农业牛