集散控制系统(dcs)简介

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1、DistributedControlSystemTotalDistributedcontrolsystemisbasedonmultiplemicroprocessorsbasedontheuseofmodernnetworktechnology,moderncontroltechnology,graphicstechnologyandredundancytechnologytoachievetheobjectoftheregulationofdecentralizedcontrol,monitoring,managementzcontrolt

2、echnology•Characterizedbydecentralizedcontrolbasedondecentralizedcontroloftheobjecttoadaptinordertofocusonsurveillanceandcontroloperationstoachieveoverallobjectives.Systemhashighstability,reliabilityandscalability•Distributedcontrolsystemsaregenerallycomposedoffourparts:(1)p

3、rocessinputandoutputdevices;(2)processcontroldevice;(3)operationinterface;(4)datacommunicationsystems•Thedrivetowardopennessinthe1980sgainedmomentumthroughthethemovefromtheUNIXoperat一ingsystemtotheWhiletherealmoftherealtimeoperatingsystemapplicationsofUNIXorremainsdom-inated

4、byrealtimeproprietaryop-eratingsystems,hasmadethetransitiontoWindows•atthedesktopandserverlayers1990swiththeincreasedadoptionofCommercialoff-the-shelf(COTS)componentsandITstandards•ProbablythebiggesttransitionundertakenduringthistimewasWindowsenvironment.(RTOS)forcontrolcomm

5、ercialvariantseverythingAbovereal-timecontrolTheintroductionofMicrosoftresultedinthedevelopmentoftechnologiessuchasOLEforProce-ssControl(OPC)zwhichisnowadefactoindustryconnectivitystandard.Internettechnologyalsobegantomakeitsmarkinauto—mationandtheDCSworld,withmostDCSHMIsupp

6、ortingInternetconnectivity.The190swerealsoknownforthenFieldbusWars11fwhererivalorganizationscompetedtodefinewhatwouldbecometheIECfieldbusstandardfordigitalcommunicationwithfieldinstru-mentationinsteadof4-20milliampanalogcommunications.Thefirstfieldbusinstallationsoccurredint

7、he1990s.Towardstheendofthedecade,thetechnologybegantodevelopsignificantmomentum,withthemarketconsolidatedaroundFoundationFieldbusandProfibusPAforprocessautomationapplications.Somesuppliersbuiltnewsystemsfromthegrounduptomaximizefunctionalitywithfieldbus,suchasABBwithSystem80

8、0xA[6],EmersonProcessManagement[7]withtheDeltaVcontrolsystem,Siemens[8]with