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1、UnitlLogisticsDistributionSystem1.ConceptofDistributionCenterLargecompaniestypicallymanufacturedifferentbutrelateitemsatavarietyoflocations,seldomproducingtheircompletelineatasingleplant.Throughtheoperationofstoragehousescalleddistributioncenters,companiesareabletooffertheircus
2、tomersacompleteselectionofalltheirproducts,efficientlyshippingwholemixedordersatonce,ratherthanpiecemealfromeachfactory.Accuratemarketforecastingisessentialtothesuccessfulfunctioningofadistributioncenter,heretheflowofproductsmustbecontinuousinorderthatspacenotbewastedonunusedor
3、obsoleteitems,Furtherconsolidationoftheprocessisaccomplishedbythepublicwarehouse,towhichmanycompaniesshiptheirproducts,andfromwhichabuyercanpurchaseawidevarietyofitemsinasingleshipment.Ofcourse,inpublicwarehousing,themanufacturerlosescontroloverthehandingoftheproductandoversome
4、oftheaspectsofcustomerrelations.Thisdisadvantagemustbeweighedagainsttheunderutilizationofpersonnelandfacilitiesthatoccursinaprivateoperationsusceptibletofluctuatingdemand・1.1StorageFunctionSomegoodscanbestoredinbulkjointlywithidenticalgoodsofthesamequalityandspecificationswitho
5、utdistinctionastomanufacturerownership・This,bulkproducts,suchasstandardchemicalsorcerealgrains,fromdifferentproducersareplacedinthesametankorsilointhewarehouse.Eachoftheseproductscanthenbesoldatapriceappreciablylowerthanotherwisepossibleowingtothesavingsrealizedoverindividualst
6、orageandhandingofsmallamounts・Similarly,thesameproductpurchasedbytworetailerscancontinuetobestoredtogetherandthenseparatedandinventoriedasshipmentstoindividualmarketsaremade・Suchstorageisdynamic・Thatis,themovementofproductsisfairlyconstant,andaccessibilityofitemsisessential.Cus
7、todystorageisastatictypeofstorage.Goodsofahighvaluesuchasbusinessrecordsandpersonalitemsarekeptsafeforalongperiodoftimewithouthandling.Capacityandsecurityarethenthemostrelevantfactors・1.2RelationbetweenStorageandTransportationTransportation,especiallytransportationoverlongdista
8、ncesbyslowmeans(suchaswater-borneshipment),maytechnica
