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1、三级网络技术(Threelevelnetworktechnology)Chapter1ComputerFundamentalsthecompositionofacomputersystem<1>yearevent:1946ENIACthefirstcomputerwasborn1969ARPNETgeneratedthebirthoftheInternet1971microprocessorchip4004producesthebirthofMicrocomputer1981microprocessorc
2、hipIntel8088produceIBMdevaluationPC1991.6ChineseAcademyofSciences,high-energyaccess,StanfordUniversity,ChineseInternetIn1994,theTCP/IPprotocolwasadoptedtorealizethefullfunctionconnectionoftheInternetcomputerhardwarecompositionRealisticclassificationof〈1〉c
3、omputersSevrer,workstation,desktops,notebooks,handhelddevicesServerisrelativeanddoesnotrequireaspecificprocessor<2>basicunitconversions:Speedorbandwidth:T,G,M,Kbetweentherateof1000,unitBPSCapacity:T,G,M,K,B,betweentherateof1024,theunitbyte<3>Englishabbrev
4、iation:MIPS,MFLOPS,MTBF,MTTR<4>Pentiumchipfeatures32bit,superscalar,hyperpipelining,branchprediction,Harvardarchitecture,PCIbus<5>chipfeatures64,EPICClassificationof<6>motherboards:<7>networkcardtwolayer:physicallayer+datalinklayer1.3computersoftware<1>so
5、ftware二program+data+document<2>classificationofcommonlyusedsoftware:<3>waterfallmodel:Plan一definition,feasibilityDevelopment:initialrequirementsanalysis,overalldesign,detaileddesignLatercodingandtestingOperation:operationandmaintenance1.4basicconceptsofMu
6、ltimediaThedifferencebetween<1>compressionstandards:JPEGstillimageMPEGdynamicimage<2>hypertext:nonlinear,jumping;Lipsync;Streaming:seebelow<3>compressionmethodclassification:Entropycoding(losslesscompression)-Hoffman,arithmetic,runlengthcodingSourcecoding
7、(lossycompression)-prediction,vectorquantization,codingHybridcoding<4>streaming:seebelowTechnicalfeatures:continuity,real-time,timing(synchronization)Thesecondchapteristhebasicconceptofnetwork2.1theformationanddevelopmentofcomputernetworks<1>threenetworks
8、convergence:computernetworks,telecommunicationsnetworks,radioandtelevisionnetworks2.2basicconceptsofcomputernetworks<1>definition:independence,autonomy,sharingofresources,informationtransmission<2>computernetworkgeo
