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1、附录附录1：英文文献LineBalancingintheRealWorldAbstract:LineBalancing(LB)isaclassic,well-researchedOperationsResearch(OR)optimizationproblemofsignificantindustrialimportance.Itisoneofthoseproblemswheredomainexpertisedoesnothelpverymuch:whateverthenumberofyearsspentsolvingit,oneiseachtimefacing
2、anintractableproblemwithanastronomicnumberofpossiblesolutionsandnorealguidanceonhowtosolveitinthebestway,unlessonepostulatesthattheoldwayisthebestway.Hereweexplainanapparentparadox:althoughmanyalgorithmshavebeenproposedinthepast,anddespitetheproblem’spracticalimportance,justonecommer
3、ciallyavailableLBsoftwarecurrentlyappearstobeavailableforapplicationinindustriessuchasautomotive.WespeculatethatthismaybeduetoamisalignmentbetweentheacademicLBproblemaddressedbyOR,andtheactualproblemfacedbytheindustry.Keyword:LineBalancing,Assemblylines,OptimizationLineBalancinginthe
4、RealWorldEmanuelFalkenauerOptimalDesignAv.Jeanne19Aboîte2,B-1050Brussels,Belgium+32(0)26461074E.Falkenauer@optimaldesign.com1IntroductionAssemblyLineBalancing,orsimplyLineBalancing(LB),istheproblemofassigningoperationstoworkstationsalonganassemblyline,insuchawaythattheassignmentbeopt
5、imalinsomesense.EversinceHenryFord’sintroductionofassemblylines,LBhasbeenanoptimizationproblemofsignificantindustrialimportance:theefficiencydifferencebetweenanoptimalandasub-optimalassignmentcanyieldeconomies(orwaste)reachingmillionsofdollarsperyear.LBisaclassicOperationsResearch(OR
6、)optimizationproblem,havingbeentackledbyORoverseveraldecades.Manyalgorithmshavebeenproposedfortheproblem.Yetdespitethepracticalimportanceoftheproblem,andtheOReffortsthathavebeenmadetotackleit,littlecommerciallyavailablesoftwareisavailabletohelpindustryinoptimizingtheirlines.Infact,ac
7、cordingtoarecentsurveybyBeckerandScholl(2004),thereappeartobecurrentlyjusttwocommerciallyavailablepackagesfeaturingbothastateoftheartoptimizationalgorithmandauser-friendlyinterfacefordatamanagement.Furthermore,oneofthosepackagesappearstohandleonlythe“clean”formulationoftheproblem(Sim
8、pleAssemblyL
