链路状态和溷合路由协议

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1、第九章链路状态和混合型路由协议©2002,CiscoSystems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.2Link-StateRoutingandOSPFLS路由协议的特点1、发送的是自己端口所连的链路状态（而非路由表）2、组播式发送3、触发式增量更新，无更新周期4、路由的获取是靠自己计算的（SPF）5、对内存和CPU有更多需求6、要求对网络实施精心规划（多区域）LS路由协议的特点和DV路由协议相比，LS路由器能够识别关于网络的更多信息，因此在作出最佳路由选择时更加精确。LS路由器能够识别以下信息：所有的邻居同处一个区域中的所有路由器及链路状态到达目标网络的最佳路径邻居表

2、:listofrecognizedneighbors拓扑表:routersandlinksintheareaornetworkAllrouterswithinanareahaveanidenticalLSDB路由表:listofbestpathstodestinationsLS路由协议LS路由协议OSPF区域划分区域的好处：（1）减少了路由表的条目；（2）LSA的洪泛终止于区域边界；（3）网络拓扑的变化不会波及到其它区域。主干区域路由器区域边界路由器非主干区域内部路由器SPF算法Placeseachrouterattherootofatreeandcalculatestheshor

3、testpathtoeachdestinationbasedonthecumulativecostCost=108/bandwidth(bps)SPF算法AssignsnetworkstoaspecificOSPFareaDefinesOSPFastheIProutingprotocol配置单区域OSPFRouter(config)#routerospfprocess-idRouter(config-router)#networkaddresswildmaskareaarea-idOSPF配置实例RouterID:NumberbywhichtherouterisknowntoOSP

4、FDefault:ThehighestIPaddressonanactiveinterfaceatthemomentofOSPFprocessstartupCanbeoverriddenbyaloopbackinterface:HighestIPaddressofanyactiveloopbackinterfacerouter(config)#interfaceloopbacknumber配置环回接口Router#showipospfinterface验证OSPF配置Displaysarea-IDandadjacencyinformationRouter#showipprotoco

5、lsVerifiesthatOSPFisconfiguredRouter#showiprouteDisplaysalltherouteslearnedbytherouterRouter#showipospfneighborDisplaysOSPF-neighborinformationonaper-interfacebasisOSPF调试Router#debugipospfeventsOSPF:hellowithinvalidtimersoninterfaceEthernet0hellointervalreceived10configured10netmaskreceived255

6、.255.255.0configured255.255.255.0deadintervalreceived40configured30Router#debugipospfpacketOSPF:rcv.v:2t:1l:48rid:200.0.0.117aid:0.0.0.0chk:6AB2aut:0auk:Router#debugipospfpacketOSPF:rcv.v:2t:1l:48rid:200.0.0.116aid:0.0.0.0chk:0aut:2keyid:1seq:0x0©2002,CiscoSystems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.15Balan

7、cedHybridRoutingEIGRPADVRoutingProtocolMorescalablethanRIPSophisticatedmetricMultiple-pathsupportIGRP概述BandwidthDelayReliabilityLoadingMTUIGRP组合度量值Maximum6paths(default=4)WithinmetricvarianceNext-hoprouterclosertodestinationIGRP非等价负载均衡E