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1、Unit2Robots(Workbook)READINGTASKROBOTSINTHEFIGHTAGAINSTLANDMINESLANDMINESKILLORBADLYINJUREaround26,000peopleeveryyear.Thatisonepersonevery20minutes.Whatisworseisthattheykeepcausingdamagefordecadesafterwarshaveended.Thereareabout100millionlandminesburied
2、justbeneaththesurfaceofthegroundin60countries.Mostofthevictimsareinnocentpeople—women,children,farmers—whohappentosteponthemastheygoabouttheirdailylives.ByNatashaWesleyWeseemtobelosingthefightagainstlandmines.While,everyyear,about100,000landminesareremo
3、ved,twomillionmoreareburiedintheground.Removingthemisveryslowanddangerousworkthatmustbedonebyhand.Someonehastouseametaldetectortofindthemines.Thisisveryinaccurateasthemetaldetectorfindsallmetalobjects,notjustthemines,anditdoesnotfindnewtypesofminewhicha
4、recoveredinplastic.Thenheorshehastodigthemineoutwithoutsettingitoff.Usingthismethoditcouldtakecenturiestoridtheworldoflandmines.Thisiswhereroboticscomesin.Severalcountriesareworkingontechnologicalsolutionstothelandminesproblem.AspartofJapan’ssupportforf
5、indingandremovinglandminesinAfghanistan,Japanesescientistsandengineershavebeenresearchingintorobotics.OneofthemostexcitingprojectsisatChibaUniversitywherearobotthatlookssomethinglikeaninsectisbeingdeveloped.Itis4metreslong,1.8metreswide,1metrehigh,andwe
6、ighs900kilograms,aboutthesizeofasmallcar.Itwalksonsixlegsandwhenitfindsamine,itmarksthespotwithpaintandsendsdatatoacomputerwhichcanthenmapthemines.Aswellasbeingmuchsaferthanfindingminesbyhand,theinsectrobotisalsomuchfaster.Theuniversityisalsoexperimenti
7、ngwiththerobotsothatitcanuseradartosearchforplasticmines.Thegoalisforthecomputertousethedataitreceivestodeterminenotonlywhetheranobjectisjustapieceofmetaloraminebutalsowhattypeofmineitis.Theresearchershopethatmassproductionofrobotswillstartinthenextyear
8、orsoandtheywillbeusedinsuchcountriesasAfghanistanandCambodia.Inthe1990sworldopinionbuiltupagainsttheuseoflandminesand,in1997,122countriessignedanagreementinOttawa,Canada,tostopthemanufactureanduseoflandmines.However,thetaskofclea
