《材料科学概论》ppt课件

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1、IntroductiontoMaterialsScienceandEngineeringGuanRui-fang材料与新技术革命材料与国防现代化ThisbookisdividedintofourmajorsectionsThefundamentalsThestructuralmaterialsTheelectronicandmagneticmaterialsMaterialsinengineeringdesignsciencematerialsengineeringNatureofmaterials’propertiesMicroscopicorsubmicroscopicstructureE

2、ngineeringdesignChapterIMaterialsforEngineering1.1Typesofmaterials1.2Fromstructuretoproperties1.3Selectionofmaterials1.4MaterialsscienceandengineeringKeywordAlloy[5AlCi]Atomic-scale-architectureBrittle[5britl]Ceramic[si5rAmik]Composite[5kCmpEzit,-zait]Concrete[5kCnkri:t]ConductorCrystalline[5kristE

3、lain]adj.Devitrified[di:5vitrifai]Ductility[dQk5tiliti]ElectronicandmagneticmaterialElement[5elimEnt]Fiberglass[5faIbE^lB:s]GlassGlass-ceramicInsulatorMaterialsscienceandengineeringMaterialsselectionMetallicMicrocircuitry[5maIkrEJs:kIt]Microscopic-scalearchitectureNoncrystallineNonmetallic[5nCnmi5t

4、Alik]KeywordOxidePeriodic[piEri5Cdik]tablePlasticPolyethylene[7pCli5eWili:n]PolymerPropertyRefractorySemiconductorSilica硅石，SiO2Silicate]硅酸盐Silicon硅元素SteelStructuralmaterialwoodKeyword1.1Typesofmaterialsa.Metalsmetallicbondb.Ceramics(glass)ionic[aI5RnIk]andcovalent[kEu5veilEnt]bondc.Polymerscovalenta

5、ndVanderwaalsbondd.Compositese.semiconductorsWhatmaterialsareavailabletome?FivecategoriesAMetals超塑性的,超塑性材料(制)的1.i.e.Latin，thewrittenabbreviationforidest,也就是，即。读作：thatis2.state-of-the-art技术发展水平，现代化的。3.superplastic.Characteristics(metallic金属的，金属性的)Itisstrongandcanbereadilyformedintopracticalshapes.Duc

6、tile[5dQktail]—permanentdeformabilitymetalliclusterelectricconductorMetalshavenobrittlenessandaresafeformanyapplications.StructuralsteelGasket[5^Askit]垫圈,衬垫springwireValve[vAlv]BCeramics[si5rAmiks]Ahomogeneousmixtureoftwoormoresubstances,whichmaybesolids,liquids,gases,oracombinationofthese.1.Refract

7、ory[ri5frAktEri]Difficulttomeltorwork;resistanttoheat.2.fracturetoughness断裂韧度3.crystalline[5kristElain]Being,relatingto,orcomposedofcrystalorcrystals.4.Devitrify[di:5vitrifai]Tocause(aglassymaterial)t