《厄尔尼诺现象英》ppt课件

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1、BASICSOFELNIÑO-SOUTHERNOSCILLATION(ENSO)ErnestoR.VercelesPAGASAWHATISELNIÑO?Commonnotions:“ElNiñomeansnowaterinfaucetsandshowers”“ElNiñomeansnoplantingfortheseasonortwo”Thesearepartiallytrue…theseareallimpactsoftheELNIÑOOnenewspaperheadline:PAGASAinsistsElNiñoalreadyinRP

2、-Despiteheavyrainsandtyphoons(PanayNewsdated13January2005)“ElNiñomeansseveredrought”WHATISELNIÑO(LANIÑA)?ElNiño(LaNiña)isaconditioninthePacificoceanandcharacterizedbythecyclicwarming(cooling)ofthecentralandeasternequatorialPacific(CEEP).ObservedSeaSurfaceTemperatureAnaly

3、zedSeaSurfaceTemperatureELNIÑOLANIÑALowertempLowertempHighertempHighertempCoolertempCoolertempWarmertempWarmertempCEEPwarmingCEEPcoolingMonthlyobservationandanalysisofOCEANSURFACEduringElNiño1997-98andLaNiña1998-99ElNino1997startedinMarchLaNina1998startedinJulyMonthlyobs

4、ervationandanalysisofOCEANDEPTH(~300meters)duringElNiño1997-98andLaNiña1998-99ASIAAUSTRALIANorthandSouthAMERICAElNino1997startedinMarchLaNina1998startedinJulyMEASURINGOCEANPARAMETERSTHENIÑOREGIONSSampleDataforNIÑOREGIONSThus,“ELNIÑO”isaconditioninthecentralandeasternequa

5、torialPacificOceanwhereunusualwarmingisoccurring.(Notethattheformation/developmentofElNiñoisveryfarfromthecountry..)Then,whyisitaffectingthephilippines..Theanswerliesintheatmosphere…ThephenomenoniscalledSOUTHERNOSCILLATION…SouthernOscillationistheatmosphericcomponentofEN

6、SOandmeasuredintermsofthedifferenceinstandardizedpressureanomaliesoverTahitiandDarwin,andwindanomalyatlowlevelwinds(850mbslevel).WHATISSOUTHERNOSCILLATION?ELNIÑOCONDITIONLANIÑACONDITIONAustraliaHLHLAustraliaCOMBINEDEFFECTOFELNIÑO-SOUTHERNOSCILLATION(ENSO)INTHETROPICALPAC

7、IFICGLOBALIMPACTOFELNIÑO-SOUTHERNOSCILLATION(ENSO)ELNIÑOLANIÑAELNIÑOLANIÑAIMPACTSOFENSOandNON-ENSOONPHILIPPINEANNUALRAINFALLREDcoloredyearsareELNINOyears,Legend:PotentialAreasUnderSeveredroughtimpactsDroughtimpactswithmajorlossesModeratedroughtimpactsNearnormaltoabovenor

8、malconditionWayabovenormalconditionFlooddamageSevereflooddamageBLUEcoloredyearsareLANINAyearsandBLACKco