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1、TheHippocastanaceaeisasmallfamilyoftrees(rarelyshrubs).Afeatureofthefamilyisthepalmatecompoundleaves,opposite.乔木,稀灌木，掌状复叶对生，花杂性同株，顶生圆锥花序，蒴果3裂，种子大。2属约30种，中国1属约10种。七叶树Hippocastanaceae七叶树属AesculusAesculusarewoodyplantsfrom4to36mtall,andhavestoutshoots;opposite,palmatelydividedleaves;andshowyinsect-poll
2、inatedflowers,withfourorfivepetalsfusedintoalobedcorollatube.Thefruitisarichglossybrowntoblackish-brownnut2–5cmdiameter,usuallyglobosewithonenutinagreenorbrownhusk,butsometimestwonutstogetherinonehusk;thepointofattachmentofthenutinthehuskshowsasalargecircularwhitishscar.Thehuskhasspinesinsomespecies
3、,spinelessinothers,andsplitsintothreesectionstoreleasethenut.落叶乔木，稀灌木，掌状复叶具长柄，小叶5—9，有锯齿，圆锥花序直立而多花，花萼钟状或管状，花瓣具爪。七叶树A.chinensis落叶乔木，小枝粗壮，小叶具柄5—17mm，花瓣4，花小，蒴果光滑，种子形如板栗，仅秦岭有野生，黄河流域及冬部各省有栽培。欧洲七叶树A.hippocastanum小叶5—7，无柄。蒴果褐色，近球形，果皮有刺，原产希腊北部和阿尔巴山尼亚山区，上海，青岛，北京有栽培。日本七叶树A.turbinate小叶5—7，无柄，蒴果近洋梨形，果深棕色，有疣状突起，原
4、产日本。FloweroftheRedHorse-chestnut(Aesculus×carnea)FloweroftheRedHorse-chestnut(Aesculus×carnea)AesculushippocastanumAesculusglabraAesculusglabraAesculushippocastanum无患子科SapindaceaePlantsofthisfamilyhaveavarietyofhabits,fromtreestoherbaceousplantsorlianas.Theirleavesusuallyspirallyalternate.Theyaremos
5、toftenpinnatelycompound,withapetiolelackingstipules.Flowersaresmallandunisexul,orfunctionallyunisexual,thoughplantsmaybeeitherdioeciousormonoecious.Theyareusuallygroupedincymesgroupedinpanicles.Theymostoftenhavefourorfivepetalsandsepals花萼.Thestamensrangefromeighttoten.Themostfrequentnumberiseight,in
6、tworingsoffour.Thegynoecium雌蕊containstwoorthreecarpelsThefruitsarefleshyordry,.Theymaybenuts,berries,drupes,capsules,orsamaras.无患子科Sapindaceae乔灌木，稀草本，羽状复叶互生，花单性或杂性，雄蕊8—10，子房上位，多三室。蒴果、核果、坚、浆果、翅。约150属2000，产热带，亚热带，中国产25属56种。栾树属KoelreuteriaTheyaremedium-sizeddeciduoustreesgrowingto10-20mtall,withalterna
7、telyarrangedpinnateorbipinnateleaves.Theflowersaresmallandyellow,producedinlargebranchedpanicles20-50cmlong.Thefruitisathree-lobedinflatedpaperycapsule3-6cmlong,containingseveralhardnut-likeseeds5-10m
