《培根论读书》word版

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1、Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,and

2、theplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,comebestfromthosethatarelearned.  读书足以冶情，足以博彩，足以长才。其冶情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则非好学深思者莫属。  Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornament,isaffectation;tomakejudgmentwhol

3、lybytheirrules,isthehumourofascholar.  读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。  Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruningbystudy;andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedinbyexperie

4、nce.  读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足；因为天生才干犹如自然花草，读书之后方知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。  Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem;fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwithoutthem,andabovethem,wonbyobservation.  有手艺者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，

5、而在书外，全凭观察得之。  Readnottocontradictandconfute;nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously

6、;andsomefewtobereadwholly,andwithdiligenceandattention.Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputy,andextractsmadeofthembyothers;butthatwouldbeonlyinthelessimportantarguments,andthemeanersortofbooks;elsedistilledbooksare,likecommondistilledwaters,flashythings.  读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书

7、上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注、孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，摘要也可请人代作，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味矣。Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritingandexactman.Andtherefore,ifamanwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferl

8、ittle,hehadneedhaveapresentwit;andifhereadlittle,heheadneedhavemuchcunning,toseemtoknowthathedoesnot.  读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常动笔者须记忆特强，不