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1、【1】Insuranceisthesharingof_(1).Nearlyeveryoneisexposed_(2)ofsomesort.Thehouseowner,forexample,knowsthathis_(3)canbedamagedbyfire;theshipownerknowsthathisvesselmaybelostatsea;thebreadwinnerknowsthathemaydieby_(4)and_(5)hisfamilyinpoverty.Ontheotherhand,noteveryhouseisdama
2、gedbyfireoreveryvessellostatsea.Ifthesepersonseachputa_(6)sumofmoneyintoapool,therewillbeenoughto_(7)theneedsofthefewwhodosuffer_(8).Inotherwordsthelossesofthefewaremetfromthecontributionsofthe_(9).Thisisthebasisof_(10).Thosewhopaythecontributionsareknownas_(11)andthosew
3、hoadministerthepoolofthecontributionsasinsurer.The_(12)foraninsurancenaturallydependsonhowtheriskistohappenassuggested_(13)pastexperience.Ifthecompaniesfixtheirpremiumstoo_(14),therewillbemorecompetitionintheirbranchofinsuranceandtheymaylose_(15).Ontheotherhand,iftheymak
4、ethepremiumstoolow,theywillnothave_(16)andmayevenhavetodropout_(17)business.Sotheordinaryforcesofsupplyand_(18)keeppremiumsataproper_(19)tobothinsurersandthosewho_(20)insurance.答案：1.risks2.to3.property/house4.accident/chance5.leave6.small/certain7.meet8.loss/losses9.many
5、10.insurance11.insured12.premium13.by14.high15.business/money16.profit17.of18.demand19.level20.buy【2】Motivationis“thedrivingforcewithinindividualsthatimpelsthemtoaction.”Andgoalsarethesought-afterresults_(1)motivatedbehavior.Motivationcanbeeitherpositiveornegative_(2)dir
6、ection.Wemayfeeladrivingforcetowardsomeobjectorcondition,_(3)adrivingforceawayfromsomeobjectorcondition.Forexample,apersonmaybeimpelledtowardarestauranttofulfillaneed,hunger,andaway_(4)anairplanetofulfillaneedofsafety.Somepsychologistsrefertopositivedrives_(5)needs,wants
7、ordesires,_(6)negativedrivesasfearsoraversions._(7),thoughnegativeandpositivemotivationalforcesseemtodifferdramatically_(8)termsofphysicalandsometimesemotionalactivity,theyarebasicallysimilarin_(9)theybothservetoinitiateandsustainhumanbehavior._(10)thisreason,researchers
8、oftenrefer_(11)bothkindsofdrivesofmotivesasneeds,wantsanddesires.Goals,_(12),canbeeitherpositiveornegat
