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1、现代英语语法课程代码008311.课程性质与目标性质：《现代英语语法》是自学考试英语专业的课程。目的：使学生认识从词到句乃至语篇的构造，提高英语使用规范性，准确传递信息和表达思想。重难点：重点是动词的运用，第五到第八章。难点是名词的数、主谓一致问题等。（P5）2.2015年考试样题（课本P25）一、选择题（20%，未变）二、多项选择填空题（20%，未变）三、根据要求填空（20%，改变）四、改写句子（30%，未变）五、简答（形式未变）六、名词解释并举例（新增）教材的重点与难点归纳Chapter1.Anoverview一.术语：lGrammarcanbeafulld
2、escriptionoftheformandmeaningofthesentencesofthelanguageoritcoverscertainpartsofadescription,focusingonsyntaxandmorphology.lDescriptivegrammar（描述性语法)examinestherulesorpatternsthatunderlieouruseofwords,phrases,clauses,andsentences.lPrescriptivegrammar（规定性语法）triestoenforcerulesaboutwha
3、ttheybelievetobethecorrectusesoflanguage.lSyntax（句法）isconcernedwiththewaywordscombinetoformsentences.lMorphology（形态）isrelatedtotheformofwords.lMorpheme(词素)isthesmallestmeaningfulelementingrammar.lFreemorpheme(自由词素)：amorphemethatcanoccuralone.eg:boy,girl,man...lBoundmorpheme(粘着词素):amo
4、rphemethatcanonlyoccurinconjunctionwithatleastoneothermorpheme.eg:im-,in-,-ed...lopenclasswords(开放词类):alsocalledlexicalwords,focusontheformofwords.Theirmembershipisfairlyopen-ended,sowecancoinnewwordstoaddtothem.Eg:N,V,Adj,Adv.lclosedclass(封闭词类):alsocalledgrammaticalwords,focusingonf
5、unctionsofwords.Theirmembershipisfixedandnowordscanbecreated.Eg:Det,pron,prep,conj,aux.二、语法单位的层级结构英语句子的结构层次是：分句(clauses)、词组(phrases)、单词(words)、词素(morpheme)Inwritingsystems,thehierarchicalstructureis:HigherAtextconsistsofoneormoresentencesAsentenceconsistsofoneormoreclausesAclausecons
6、istsofoneormorephrasesAphraseconsistsofoneormorewordsAwordconsistsofoneormoremorphemesLowerAmorpheme三.句子分类（按构成）Simple~(简单句):Asentenceconsistsofonlyoneclause.Compound~(复合句又并列句):Inasentencecontainingmorethanoneclause,iftheclausesarerelatedtooneanotherbycoordination,itisacompoundsentenc
7、e.Complex~(复杂句又叫主从句):Inasentencecontainingmorethanoneclause,iftheclausesarerelatedtooneanotherbysubordination,itisacomplexsentence.四、句子类型（按功能）Statements（陈述句）,commands（命令句）questions（疑问句），exclamations（感叹句）Chapter2.Word-formation构词法七种构词法：1.Composition组合法2.derivation派生法3.conversion转化法4.b
8、lending拼缀法5.
