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1、金属泡沫断裂韧性的试验研究王新筑*1,2,3,周雄3,朱炳杰4,彭向和3(1.汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,吉林大学,长春130025,中国;2.汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,湖南大学,长沙410082,中国;3.非均质材料力学重庆市重点实验室,力学博士后工作站,航空航天学院,重庆大学,重庆400040,中国;4.航天科学与工程学院,国防科技大学,长沙400040,中国。)摘要:金属泡沫在其实际应用中,断裂性能和断裂韧性对于承载的多孔金属泡沫有着重要的意义,本文基于ASTM相关标准,采用三点弯曲试样测定了铝泡沫的I型断裂韧性,研究表明,
2、金属泡沫的断裂为脆性断裂,在裂纹尖端附近,孔壁最薄弱的区域最容易发生变形,随着进一步加载,一些孔壁发生断裂,微裂纹在断裂尖端附近出现。随着载荷的增加,主裂纹在缺口根部形成,或由微裂纹合并而成,并开始在多孔结构内传播。裂纹沿着结构的最薄弱处传播,并产生次生裂纹和裂纹桥。裂纹总的扩展方式还是I型断裂。根据试验P-V曲线特点,取最大载荷点对应的力与位移求解出铝泡沫的裂纹尖端临界张开位移(CTOD)的平均值为0.051mm。关键词:金属泡沫;断裂韧性;三点弯曲;裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)中图分类号:V252 文献标识码:A 文章编号:Experim
3、entalInvestigationonFractureToughnessofMetalFoamWANGXinzhu*1,2,3,ZHOUXiong3,ZHUBingjie4,PENGXianghe3(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofAutomotiveSimulationandControl,JilinUniversity,Changchun130025,China;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofAdvancedDesignandManufactureforVehicleBody,HunanUniversity,C
4、hangsha410082,China.3.ChongqingKeyLaboratoryofHeterogeneousMaterialMechanics,PostdoctoralStationofMechanics,CollegeofAerospaceEngineering,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing400040,China;4.CollegeofAerospaceSciencesandEngineering,NationalUniversityofDefenseTechnology,Changsha41007
5、3,China)Abstract:Inpracticalapplications,fracturepropertiesandfracturetoughnessofporousmetalfoamforthebearingareveryimportant.Inthispaper,basedonASTMstandards,three-pointbendingofaluminumfoamsamplesareusedtodetermineItypefracturetoughness.Itisshownthatthefractureofmetalfoam
6、isbrittlefracture.Thedeformationislocalizedtothinnestregionsofthecellwallssurroundingthecracktip.Withfurtherloading,thestraintofractureisreachedinsomecellwallsandmicrocracksappearinthevicinityofthecracktip.Withincreasingloadamaincrackisinitiatedatthenotchrootoratthepre-crac
7、kbyacoalescenceofmicrocracks,andstartstopropagatethroughthecellstructure.Thecrackfollowstheweakestpaththroughthestructureandbuildstherebysecondaryandcrackbridges.ThewayofcrackextensionisItypefractureinall.AccordingtotheP-Vcurvecharacteristics,takingtheforceanddisplacementof
8、maximumloadpointtocalculatecriticalcracktipopeningdisplacement,theaverageis0.051mm