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1、专题十一特殊句式一、考纲解读考点1.倒装2.强调3.省略4.主谓一致5.反意疑问句6.therebe句型重点:1把握各种特殊句式在具体语境中的运用2.掌握主谓一致的灵活运用二、知识归纳1.倒装(1)完全倒装谓语动词完全放到主语之前①therebe(stand,lie,exist...)句型Eg:thereisagardenbehindthehouse②表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放在句首(here,there,now,then,up,down,intheroom,onthewall,out,off...)Eg:Herecomesthebus.(△当主语是代词时,主谓不倒装,如Hereiti
2、s)Awaywentthegirl③表语位于句首时,其倒装结构为“英语+连系动词+主语“e.g.PresentatthemeetingweresamescientistsfromChina.(形容词作表语)Gonearethedayswhenwewerepoor.(过去分词作表语)Ineachroomaretenstudents.(介词短语作表语)(2)部分倒装,只把谓语的一部分(助动词,情态动词)置于主语之前①含否定意义的副词never,not,nor,hardly,seldom,notonly…but(also)…,notuntil及含有no的词或短语放在句首,结构为:表否定意义的词/词
3、组+助动词/情态动词/be+主语+谓动+…e.g.NeverbeforehaveIseensuchamovingfilm.Notuntilhereturneddidwehavesupper.②only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+助动词/情态动词/be+主语+谓语动词+…e.g.OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.Onlyinthiswaycanyouimproveyourpronunciation.Onlywhenhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.(主句倒装)△Only修饰主语时,句子不倒装。e.g.Onlyhecanhelpyou.
4、}+情态动词/助动词/be+主语③So(也)Neither/Nor(也不){e.g.Youcanswim,socanhe.Ihaveneverbeentoabroad,neither(nor)hashe.——Helikeswatchingfootballmatchesbuthedoesn’tlikeplayingfootball.一Soitis(thesame)withsb.(有两个谓语动词时作答语用,表示“也”)Tomisthirteen.soisLucy.(Lucy也13岁。前后指两个人)soheis.(他(Tom)的确13岁。前后指一个人)11高中英语语法特殊句式蒙自市第一高级中学朱应
5、涛编著④频度副词often,always,manyatime等置于句首,句子用部分倒装e.g.OftendoItellheraboutmylifehere.⑤虚拟语气条件中省略if,把were,had或should放在主语前,构成倒装e.g.WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldtakehisadvice.⑥So(Such)…that…句型,So(Such)置句首时用倒装e.g.Sofastdoesherun.ThatIcan’tcatchupwithhim.Suchacleverboyishethathecanworkoutthisexerciseeasily.(3)其它
6、倒装结构①as/though引导的让步状语从句adj/adv/名词/动词+as/though+主语+…e.g.Successfulas/thoughheis,heisnotproud.Childasheis,heknowstohelpothers.Objectasyoumay,I’llgo.②may表祝愿Mayyousucceed!Mayourfriendshipliveforever!2.强调(1)Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余成分强调人用that/who,强调物用that所强调的可以是单词,短语,也可以是从句,但结构要完整被强调的成分是主语、宾语、状语,但不能是
7、定语或谓语e.g.ItisIwho/thatamright.(主语)ItwasLucythatwemetattheschoolgate.(宾语)ItwasintheparkthatTomlosthiswatch.(状语)(2)强调句型的一般疑问句:Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分?e.g.Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?Isitprof