基于单片机的计数器设计

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1、湖南科技大学单片机课程设计题目基于单片机的计数器设计姓名李建雄学院机电工程学院专业测控技术与仪器学号09030303指导教师戴巨川成绩二〇一二年六月二日-18-摘要本设计是根据我们所学习的单片机课程，按照课程要求进行的课程检验。单片机技术是一个不可或缺的技术，尤其是对于我们测控技术与仪器专业来说它是我们必须要掌握的技能之一，使我们未来工作和生活的根本。现在的社会是一个信息科技高速发展的社会，也是一个电子技术和微机计算机迅速发展的时代，单片机的档次和水平在不断的提高，其应用的领域和范围也越来越广，成为现代电子系统中最重要的智能化核心部

2、分。随着计数器技术的不断发展与进步，计数器的种类越来越多，应用的范围越来越广，随之而来的竞争也越来越激烈。过硬的技术也成为众多生产厂商竞争的焦点之一。厂商为了在竞争中处于不败之地，从而不断地改进技术，增加产品的种类。现计数器的种类以增加到：电磁计数器、电子计数器、机械计数器（拉动机械计数器、转动机械计数器、按动机械计数器、测长机械计数器）、液晶计数器等。计数器的应用范围也遍布印刷、纺织、印染、针织、电缆、电讯、军工、轻工、机械、开关、断路器、矿山、实行多班制的纺织行业的织布机、织带机、制线、制带、造纸、制革、薄膜、高压开关电器产品、

3、试验设备，印刷设备、短路器、医疗、纺织、机械、仓库和码头的货运、行人及车辆过往的数量计数、冶金、食品、国防、包装、配料、石油、化工、发电、机床、仪表、自动化控制等行业。-18-目录第一章系统的功能要求···············································41.1系统设计的要求及主要内容应解决的问题···························4第二章方案论证·····················································42.1设计方案选择··

4、·················································42.2设计原理························································5第三章系统硬件电路设计·············································63.1最小系统设计···················································63.2原理图·······························

5、··························93.3电路仿真-18-······················································10第四章系统程序设计················································124.1系统软件设计流程图·············································124.2程序····················································

6、·······13第五章调试及性能分析··············································145.1系统性能测试与功能说明········································145.2软件调试问题及解决············································14参考文献·························································14附件计数器程序··················

7、···································15实物电路图·····················································16-18-第一章系统的功能要求要求：1.整个系统有较强的抗干扰能力.2.计数范围：00~99.3.将计数值准确显示出来.应解决问题：基于单片机构成的产品自动计数器研究的主要内容包括：如果构成检测电路、MCS-51单片机用何种方式对外部计数脉冲进行计数显示控制、LED显示驱动模块的选择、MCS-51单片机的扩展。在这个设计中主要需要解决的问题便是

8、如何提高MCS-51单片机的抗干扰能力以及稳定性。第二章方案论证2.1设计方案选择方案一：采用多种数字逻辑电路来实现逻辑控制、主门、门控、计数单元的设计要求，这样设计的电路整体比较复杂，而且不宜完成发挥部分的功能要求。所以方案一不采用