电工学武汉理工大学课件chapter10-1

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1、ElectronicTechnologyCh10SemiconductorDiodeandTransistor10.1Conductivecharacteristicsofsemiconductor10.2PNjunction10.3Semiconductordiode10.4.Zernerdiode10.1ConductivecharacteristicsofsemiconductorSemiconductor:Conductivecapabilitiesarebetweenconductorandinsulationmaterials.Commonsemico

2、nductormaterials:Si,Ge,GeAs,etcSemiconductormaterials:mostlyarecrystal.1)Conductivecapabilityofpuresemiconductorisquiteweak；2)Temperaturegetshigher,conductivecapabilitygetshigher；3)Lightgetshigher,conductivecapabilitygetshigher；4)Ifaddingimpurity,conductivecapabilitygetshigher.charact

3、eristicsofsemiconductor:semiconductorwithcompletelypure、crystalstructure1.IntrinsicsemiconductorCommonsemiconductor:SiandGe.Commoncharacteristics:fourvalenceelectric，fourelectronsoccupyorbitsintheoutmostshell.++SiGeCovalentbonding:formwayofoutmostelectronsneighboringSiatomscovalentbon

4、dingSiatomFreeelectronsandholesaregeneratedbythermalenergy.freeelectronsandholesinthesemiconductorareconductive;Twokindsofcarrierinthesemiconductor:freeelectronsandholesCovalentbondCovalentelectronfreeelectronsandholesareexistedatthesametimeFreeelectronsandholesaregeneratedbythermalen

5、ergy,whichcausescovalentbondstobreakataratedependingstronglyontemperature.Thehigherthetemperature,Thehighertherateofgeneration.Whenafreeelectronencountersahole,recombinationcanoccur:Theholeandfreeelectroncombinetoformafilledcovalentbond.Astheconcentrationofholesandelectronsbuildsup,re

6、combinationoccursmorefrequently.Thus,atagiventemperature,anequilibriumexistsatwhichtherateofrecombinationequaltherateofgenerationofchargecarriers.Freeelectronsandholesaregeneratedbylight.Thelargerlightintensity,themuchphotonic,themuchcarrier,conductivecapabilitygetshigher.Thussemi-con

7、ductorsaresensitivetolight.Generationandrecombinationofcarriers:2.N-typesemiconductorandP-typesemiconductor1)IntrinsicsemiconductoranddopedsemiconductorCommontemperature，amountsoftwokindsofcarriersforintrinsicsemiconductoraresmaller，conductivecapabilityisweak.Dopedsemiconductor:adding

8、impur