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1、增施有机肥可少用一半化肥并维持最高的玉米产量论文AbstractExcessiveconsumptionofchemicalfertilizerandpesticideleadstoseriousenvironmentalpollution,.Todecreasethedamageofchemicalfertilizerandmaintainorincreasethecropyield,straalsisoneimportantapproach.LeafareaindexanddrymatteraccumulationinM2andM3treatments-2,reduc
2、edahalfofmonchemicalfertilizerconsumptionrealizednotonlythehighestdrymatteraccumulation,butalsogainedthehighestgrainyield(12884.4kg·hm-2).Ho–2,theincreasingofbothgrainyieldandbiomassbeesmaller,indicatingthatthe75kg·hm-2organicfertilizerincreasingatthebaseofM2entofM2F2gainedthehighestyield
3、mightbeduetomodestproportionofdrymatterdistributionindifferentorgans,achievingtheharmonizationofsource,sinkandfloicalfertilizerreasonablyandlesseningenvironmentalpollutionineralfertilizer;maize;leafareaindex;drymatteraccumulation;yield1.引言高投入、高产出和高效率为现代农业的主要特征。为保证高产，需要向耕地持续投入大量化肥1。但是，滥施化肥
4、不但不能有效增产反而会导致土壤理化性状改变，造成严重的环境污染。以氮肥为例，我国是世界上最大的氮肥生产与消费国2，早在1998年我国农业化学氮肥施用量就已突破2.47×107t，占世界同期氮肥用量的29.7%3。目前，我国化肥平均施用量达434.3kghm-220071228/n254349882.shtml,2007,12.28.16王兴仁，江荣风，刘全清，等.施肥与环境的关系J.磷肥与复肥.2007,22(5):10-14.17张锐，严慧峻，魏由庆，等.有机肥在改良盐渍土中的作用J.土壤肥料,1997(4):11-14.18玉米生理M.北京:农业出版社,1987.19
5、A.Ndayeyamiye,D.Cote,Effectoflong-termpigslurryandsolidcattlemanureapplicationonsoilchemicalandbiologicalpropertiesJ.CanadaJournalofsoilscience.1989,69(1):39-47.20DaynardTB,etal.Contributionofstalksolublecarbohydratestograinyieldincorn(ZeamaysL.)J.CropSci.,1969,9:831-834.21MaizePhysiology
6、M.Beijing:AgriculturalPublishingHouse,1987.22BartKH,etal.Source-sinkratioalterationanditseffectonphysiologicalparametersinmaizeJ.CropSci.,1983,23:294-299.23Uhart,etal.Source-sinkrelationshipinmaizegroperateareaJ.Agronomy,1991,11:863-875.24尹枝瑞.一熟制春玉米吉林省产区超高产田的理论基础与技术关键J.中国农业科技导报,2000,2(3):
7、33-37.25.李明，李文雄.肥料和密度对寒地高产玉米源库性状及产量的调节作用J.中国农业科学,2004,37(8):1130-1137.26吴正锋，王空军，董树亭.高油玉米源、库生理特性研究Ⅰ·高油玉米产量受叶源的限制J.作物学报,2005,31(3):283-288.
