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1、VCR法采矿工程中矿石损失与贫化的控制与研究ControlandResearchofOreLossandDilutionbyVCRMethodinOreMiningEngineering张良贵ZHANGLiang-gui曰古绪球GUXu-qiu曰张伟ZHANGWei(冬瓜山铜矿技术部,铜陵244031)(DongguashanCopperOreTechnologyDepartment,Tongling244031,China)摘要院交叉巷道暴露面积大,VCR采矿方法在我国的大型金属矿山中应用较为广泛,该种釆矿方法优点是:矿块结构简单,不用掘进
2、切割天井和切割槽,切割工程量小;生产能力大,采矿成木低,经济效果好;工艺简单,各项作业可以实现机械化;应用球状药伍爆破,充分利用能量,爆破效果好,大块率少;缺点是:要求高密度、高爆速和低感度的炸药,成木比较高;对凿岩的精度要求高,孔深在50-60m之内,炸药爆破时工序复杂,工人体力劳动强度较大,机械化不易事项;矿房超挖量大,导致充填成木提高,同时造成矿柱回采难度增加,特別是在矿体形态变化大时,损失贫化率较高。因而如何降低VCR法采矿工程中损失与贫化率是现代釆矿工程技术人员迫在眉睫的事,那么我们主要从降低单个采场的超挖量与降低矿柱回釆综合成木入
3、手,难点在于矿房回采的布孔参数及爆破参数的确定。木文通过这几年的矿山实践与应用,单个采场的边界孔的布孔参数调整,以及不耦合系数与线装药成反比关系,根据不耦合装药理论,爆炸压力随着不耦合系数值的减小而增大,而破坏矿柱岩壁。从以上两处入手来控制矿石的损失与贫化率,为企业创造出更多的经济效益。Abstract:VCRminingmethod,whichplaysaveryimportantroolinlargemetalmineofourcountry,andshowsitsadvantagesasfollows:thestructureofmin
4、eralpieceissimple,neednottodigincisecourtyardandinciseslot,theamountofengineeringissmall;ithasbigproductivity,thecostislower,effectiveineconomy;thecraftissimple,eachworkcanbedonemechanizatively;blowupwithballlikeexplosivesothatenergycanbebetterusedandtheexplosionworkwillbee
5、ffectivewilllessbigmineralpiece.Theshortagesareasfollows:itrequireshigherdensity,higherexplosionspeedandlesssensitiveexplosive,highercost;requiresahigherdiggingaccuracy,thedepthoftheholeisabout50-60m,theexplosionworkiscomplicated.Workersarewithhardmanualwork,noteasytomechan
6、ize;thediggingareaisbigsothatthefillingcostwillriseandtheextractionofmineralpillarbecomesharder,especiallywhenthemineralbodyvariesalot,willlostmore.SohowtolowertheloseinVCRminingmethodisaurgentthinginmodernminingtechnology,wesolvetheproblemmainlyfromlowerthediggingquantityo
7、facertainslopeandlowerthecomprehensivecostofmineralpillarextracting.Thecruxliesinensuringtheparameterofholesettingandexplosion.Accordingtothepracticeandapplicationofminesinrecentyears,adjustmentofsingleslope’sparameterandotherratiorelationship,weknowhowtolowertheloseinminer
8、alstone,sothatwecancreateamoreefficienteconomyforourenterprise.关键词院VCR采矿方法;边界孔;布孔参