2、引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:She said. "My brother wants to goshopping with me. ”→She said her brotherwanted to goshopping with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”
3、→He asked Kate how her sister was then。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:Mr. Smith said,“Jack is a good boy.”→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy.二、如何变时态:直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1)一般现在时→一般过去时态;Shesaid:“Iamastudent.”→Shesaid(that)shewasastudent.2)一般将来时→过
4、去将来时She said,"Hewillgo to see his friend.”→She said hewouldgo to see his friend。Tomsaid,“Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.”→Tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.3)现在进行时→过去进行时;Shesaid,“Iamreadingabook.”→Shesaidshewasreadingabook.注意:以下几种情况时态不变①直接引语是客观真理。The teachersaid"The ear
5、thmovesaround the sun .”→ The teacher told me the earthmovesaroundthe sun earth.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。如:Jack said. "Iwas born on April 2l, 1980."②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。Jack said. “IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme”Jack saidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.→Jacksaid he
6、was born on April 21, 1980.④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如:He said, “I get up at six every morning。”⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变(例:could, should, would, might)Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”和已经是过去时的形式时,例:ought to,had bett
7、er, used toPeter said. "You had better come here today."→He said hegets upat sixevery morning.→Peter said I had better go there that day.三、如何变状语:直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规律,时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”(例:now变为then, yesterday变为the day beforetoday变为thatdayHesaid,”Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedt