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1、介词和介词短语介词和介词短语Ⅰ.介词短语的结构Ⅱ.介词短语的功能Ⅲ.介词、连接词和副词Ⅳ.简单介词和复杂介词Ⅴ.介词的含义（重点）Ⅰ.介词短语结构：（前置修饰语+）介词+介词补足语onthetablefromwhathesaidbysigningapeacetreatyintermsofmoneyHeworkeddeepintothenightlastnight.Ⅱ.介词短语的功能1.作名词短语的后置修饰语Thepeopleonthebusweresinging.2.状语Thepeopleweresingingonthebus.Intheafternoon
2、,wewenttoBoston.Fromapersonalpointofview,Ifindthisagoodsolutiontotheproblem.Inallfairness,shedidtrytophonethepolice.Ontheotherhand,hemadenoattempttohelpher.3.作动词和形容词的补足成分Wewerelookingathisawfulpaintings.I’msorryforhisparents.说明：①介词短语有时候可以做主语A:Whenarewegoingtohavethenextmeeting?B:O
3、nTuesdaywillbefine.InMarchsuitsme.DuringthevacationiswhatwedecidedBetween6and7maybeconvenient.请在此输入您的标题(Theproposalthatwemeet)onTuesday…(Tomeet)inMarch…(Meeting)duringthevacation…②作补语（表语）用的准形容词功能Thismachineis(very)outofdate.Thisdressseemsoutoffashion.因此可以与形容词短语并列或同位Theyarehappyand
4、ingoodhealth.anoldandoutofdatetelephone作其他连系动词的补语Theyseemingoodhealth.请在此输入您的标题③在特殊的情形中（主要在固定短语中），副词或形容词可以发挥介词补足语的功能。atlast,atleast,atonce,atworst,beforelong,byfar,inbrief,inthere,sincewhen,untilnow….④介词短语本身可以作介词的补足语，所以两个介词可以连续出现Hepickedupthegunfromunderthetable.Wedidn’tmeetuntila
5、ftertheshow.Theweatherhasbeenfineexceptinthenorth.Foodhasbeenscarcesincebeforethewar.⑤介词作动词和形容词的补足语时，它和前面的词（如look,sorry）的关系比它和后面的补足语关系更密切，介词的选择是由它前面的词决定的。Ⅲ.介词、从属连词和副词1.介词和连词都具有关联或连接功能，比较：thedaywhenshearrivedofherarrival注：①辨别两种词类的一个标准是：介词引导的是名词性或名词化补足语，而与之相对的从属连词引导一个从属分句（从句）。②在某些情况
6、下，同一词项既可以作介词又可以作连词，如after,as,before,since,until.请在此输入您的标题③如果是非谓语动词，情况就比较复杂，因为在英语中-ing分句可以用在介词的后面。Onarrivingshetookataxi.④思考下列三个词是什么词性：when,after,by?2.介词和副词Shelookedupthehill.(1)Shewalkedacrossthestreet.(2)Shelookeduptheword.(3)Shewalkedacross.(4)①在下列句子中，介词和副词的区别并不明显：Heisneartobein
7、gmad.Thisseemsnexttoimpossible.Closeto200peoplecame.Sheisfarfrombeingweak.②简单介词near和复杂介词nearto和closeto：nearto和closeto与形容词有同源关系，他们是仅有的既有比较级又可加强调成分的介词：Shesatveryneartoquiteclosetomuchnearertome.muchclosertonexttoclosestto③Sheisaboutforty.Sheis(about)forty.Sheisaboutroughlyforty.appr
8、oximately3.注意介词位置(1)Hastheroombee
