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1、动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：①It＋be＋名词＋todoIt'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.②Ittakessb+sometime+todoHos(appears)＋形容词＋todoItseemedimpossibletosavemoney.在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary等；在句型④中，常用careless,
2、clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,eyEnglish.=YouarekindtohelpmeyEnglish.⒉动名词作主语Learninge)+doing…It'snogoodreadingindimlight.It'snousesittingheremingintheseainportant,necessary则不适用于这种结构，应用不定式代替，如：It'simportantforyoutokeepfit.③Thereisno+doi
3、ngThereisnosayingpossibleto…"结构。⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作，经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。如：It'snogoodeatingtoomuchfat.It'snogoodforyoutoeatsomuchfat.②动名词结构作主语，可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语。如：It'snouseyourpretendingthatyoudidn'tkno,arrange,choose,decide
4、,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,ymoneyback.IdecidedthatIymoneyback.ychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.③ary?②Iagine,judge,kno(tobe)oneofthebestbiologyteachersofNo.1MiddleSchool.但当不定式是完成式时，to不能
5、省略，如：tohavebeenfoolish.(3)感觉动词和使役动词后用作宾补的不定式须省略to。①Ididn'thearanyonesayanythingaboutit.②Theymakethestudentsdotoomuchhomeadetodotoomuchhomee(to)fillinthetaxform?I'veneverknoaydependonthemtobethereearly.ThePartycallsonustoincreaseproductionandpractiseeconomy.常这样用的短语动
6、词有：askfor,carefor,callon,counton,dependon,forbeinglate.②Theyounguniversitystudentisconsideredtohavegreatpromise.(2)有时为了强调，不定式前可加inorder或soas。如：Bobtookdoytelephonenumbersoas(inorder)nottoforgetit.有时为强调目的状语可把inorderto或不定式置于句首，但soasto不能这样用。在这种句式中不定式部分可转换为sothat,inorde
7、rthat,成为目的状语从句，如：Istayedtheresothat(inorderthat)Icouldseeile,sorry,surprised等。①ary'sbirthdayparty.（不定式作主语）Itpossibleforlosttimetobemadeup.（不定式作主语）Ieined.（不定式作状语）在Therebe结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：Therearestillmanythingstotakecareof(tobetakencareof).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：T
8、heseisnothingtodonops.IshallneverforgetseeingtheGreate.aginehavingtravelledonthemoon.ancameinselfonhavingneverbeenbeateninclass.②有些动词后的动名词用主动形式，但
