口腔生理学术语(g)

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1、口腔生理学术语(G)Gangrene-thedeathoftissueonalargescale.Maybecausedbycertainbacteria,fromtheperipheryandproceedtothespinalcordorbrain.Genecloning-atechniqueidanytimesGeneric-belongingtothesamemaingroup.Forexamplegenericmedicinesareidentifiedbythemaingrouptheyfallintoratherthanbytheir

2、tradenames.Genes-theunitofinheritancethattransmitsinformationfromonecelltoitsdaughtersandhencetothenextgeneration.AgeneconsistsofaspecificseriesofDNAnucleotides.Eachthreenucleotidesisthecodeforanaminoacid.Humanshaveabout200,000genese.Geicengineering-seerebinantDNA.Genome-thepl

3、eteplementofgeicmaterialinaspecies.Gingivalcrevicefluid-asecretionfoundinthegingivalsulcus,formedbythecellsattachingthegingivalepitheliumtothetooth.Gingivalsulcus-apotentialspacebetarginandthetooth,linedbynon-keratinisedepithelium.Thedepthofthesulcusisnormallybetminhealth.Ging

4、ivitis-aninflammationofthegingivalmucosa,duetotheincreaseinthevirulenceormassofbacteriainthegingivalsulcus,ortoreducedresistanceofthehost.Glands-acollectionofcellssecretingaspecificproductsuchasinsulinorsajorhormonessecretedbytheadrenalmedulla.Themostmonglucocorticoidiscortiso

5、l(hydrocortisone)buttheyallsharethemoneffectofincreasingbloodglucoseconcentration.Theymayachievethisatthecostofbodyproteinstores,byconvertingaminoacidsintoglucose.Cortisolalsoconvertsfattyacidsintoglucose.Anytypeofstress,includingtrauma,infection,fear,anxietyormalnutritioncaus

6、esanincreaseincortisolsecretion.Cortisolstabilisesthemembraneoflysosomes,ulatesinflammation.Cortisoltherforeinhibitsinflammation.Cellslikeneutrophils,arelessabletoprotectthebodyfromforeignproteins.Stressthereforereducesthebodiesabilitytocopeentalandphysicaldevelopmentbutalsoal

7、loine-aglucoseorgalactosemoleculeinegroupattached.seealsoglucuronicacid.Glucose-amoleculeofgreatimportancetolifeasitprovidesareadysourceofenergyforbothplantandanimalcells.Glucosecanonlybeformedinplantsallifeonearth.Theglucosemoleculeisformedbyaringofasixcarbonatoms.Itisprogres

8、sivelybrokendooleculeoleculesakesuptherepeatingdisaccharideun