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1、NATMtunneldesignprincipleintheconstructionofmajorandConstructionTechnologyW.BroereI.TheNATMDesignPrinciple1.TunneldesignandconstructionoftwomajortheoreticalanddevelopmentprocessSincethe20thcentury,humanspaceonthegroundfloorofthegrowingdemand,thustheundergrou
2、ndworksofthestudyofarapiddevelopment.Inalargenumberofundergroundengineeringpractice,itisgenerallyrecognizedthatthetunnelandundergroundcavernproject,thecoreoftheproblem,allupintheexcavationandretainingtwokeyprocesses.Howexcavation,itwillbemoreconducivetothest
3、abilityandcavernfacilitatesupport:Formoresupport,Supportinghowtheycanmoreeffectivelyensurestabilityandfacilitatethecavernexcavation.Thisisthetunnelsandundergroundworkstwopromoteeachotherandcheckeachother'sproblems.Tunnelsandundergroundcaverns,andfocusingonth
4、ecoreissueswiththeabovepracticeandresearch,indifferentperiods,Peopleofdifferenttheoriesandgraduallyestablishedasystemofdifferenttheories,Eachsystemincludestheoryandresolve(orarestudyingtheresolution)fromtheworksofunderstanding(concept),mechanics,engineeringm
5、easurestotheconstructionmethods(Technology),aseriesofengineeringproblems.Atheoryofthe20thcenturythe1920sthetraditional"loadrelaxationtheory."Itscorecontentis:astablerockself-stability,noload:unstablerockmayhavecollapsed.needshoringstructuretobesupported.Thus
6、,theroleofthesupportingstructureoftherockloadiswithinacertainrangemaybeduetorelaxationandcollapseofrockgravity.Thisisatraditionaltheory,andtheirrepresentativeisTaishajiandPrincipe'sandothers.Itworkssimilartothesurfaceissuesofthethinkingisstillwidelyusedto.An
7、othertheoryofthe20thcenturymadethe1950sthemoderntheoryoftimberingor"rockforthetheory."Itscorecontentis:rockstabilityisclearlybearingrocktotheirownself-stability:unstablerocklossofstabilityisaprocess,andifthisprocessinprovidingthenecessaryhelporrestrictionswi
8、llstillbeabletoentertherocksteadystate.ThistheoreticalsystemofrepresentativecharactersLabuxiweici,Miller-Feiqieer,Fenner-Daluoboand24Kashitenaiothers.Thisisamoremoderntheory,itisalreadyoutoftheg
