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1、外文原文HindawiPublishingCorporationInternationalJournalofNavigationandObservationVolume2008,ArticleID261384,8pagesdoi:10.1155/2008/261384ResearchArticleGPSCompositeClockAnalysisJamesR.WrightAnalyticalGraphics,Inc.,220ValleyCreekBlvd,Exton,PA19341,USACorrespondenceshouldbeaddress
2、edtoJamesR.Wright,jwright@agi.comReceived30June2007;Accepted6November2007RecommendedbyDemetriosMatsakisCopyright©2008JamesR.Wright.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium
3、,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited.AbstractTheGPScompositeclockdefinesGPStime,thetimescaleusedtodayinGPSoperations.GPStimeisilluminatedbyexaminationofitsroleinthecompleteestimationandcontrolproblemrelativetoUTC/TAI.ThephaseofeachGPSclockisunobservablefromGPSpseudorangeme
4、asurements,andthemeanphaseoftheGPSclockensemble(GPStime)isunobservable.Anewandusefulobservabilitydefinitionispresented,togetherwithnewobservabilitytheorems,todemonstrateexplicitlythatGPStimeisunobservable.SimulatedGPSclockphaseandfrequencydeviations,andsimulatedGPSpseudorange
5、measurements,areusedtounderstandGPStimeintermsofKalmanfilterestimationerrors.1.INTRODUCTIONGPStimeiscreatedbyprocessingGPSpseudorangemeasurementswiththeoperationalGPSKalmanfilter.Brown[2]referstotheobjectcreatedbytheKalmanfilterastheGPScompositeclock,andtoGPStimeastheimplicit
6、ensemblemeanphaseoftheGPScompositeclock.ThefundamentalgoalbytheUSAFandtheUSNOistocontrolGPStimetowithinaspecifiedboundofUTC/TAI.(IrefertoTAI/UTCunderstandingthatUTChasanaccumulateddiscontinuity(asumofleapseconds)whencomparedtoTAI.Butuniquetwo-waytransformationsbetweenTAIandUT
7、Chavebeeninsuccessfuloperationalusesince1972.IhavenoneedhereintofurtherdistinguishbetweenTAIandUTC.)IpresenthereaquantitativeanalysisoftheGPScompositeclock,derivedfromdetailedsimulationsandassociatedgraphics.GPSclockdiffusioncoefficientvaluesusedherewerederivedfromAllandeviat
8、iongraphspresentedbyOaksetal.[12]in1998.Irefertothemas“realistic,”an
