牛津版高中英语语法总结.pdf

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1、一定语从句：定语从句的介绍就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。形容词：Thegreenteam介词短语：Theteamingreen定语从句：Theteamwhowerewearinggreen定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which,that,who,whom,whose,或关系副词来引导，如when,where,why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。如：做主语Thetreeswhichareontheschoolcampushavelostthe

2、irleaves.做宾语Thestudentwhomwesawjustnowisthebestrunnerinourschool.做表语Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.做定语ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan¡¯tremember.做状语TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.二定语从句：关系代词：that，which，who，whom，和whose在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。如：Thisisthestorythat/whichwewroteforou

3、rstorytellingcontest.在定语从句中，who用来指代人。如：IamgoingtoseeafriendwhohasjustcomebackfromtheUK.当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。如：Idon¡¯tknowthenameoftheteacherwho/whomIsawinthecomputerroomtheotherday.当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。如：Helikesallthebirthdaypresents(that/which)his

4、friendsgavehim.Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。如：IsatnexttoagirlwhosenamewasDiane.TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayafternoon.一定语从句：介词提前的定语从句（preposition＋which;preposition＋whom）当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的前面。如：Wethoughtyouwereapersonfromwhomwecouldexp

5、ectgooddecisions.在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。如：ArtisthesubjectwhichIknowlittleabout.如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which可以被that取代，whom可以被that和who取代。如：Dadisapersonwhom/that/whoIcaneasilytalkto.当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常省略关系代词who和that。如：Thetopic(which)EricisinterestedinisPhysics.Danielistheperson(wh

6、om)Iwanttomakefriendswith.当先行词是way时，我们用inwhich或that来引导定语从句，这种情况下，inwhich或that可以被省略。如：Ididn¡¯tliketheway(that/inwhich)shetalkedtome.二定语从句：关系副词：when，where，why1．我们通常用关系副词when引导先行词是time，moment，day，season，year等的定语从句。如：Doyourememberthedaywhenweleftyouincharge?1IoftenthinkofthemomentwhenIsawt

7、heUFO.2．我们通常用关系副词where引导先行词是place，house，city，country，city，world等的定语从句。如：Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed.Thisisnotafamilywherebadbehaviorgoesunpunished.3．我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。如：Idon¡¯tknowthereasonwhythehouseissodirty.4．在更加正式的英语中，where，when和why能够被介词＋which所替代。如