毕业论文外文翻译-施工质量控制、安全和成本控制

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1、工程管理专业毕业外文翻译（房地产）QualityControl、SafetyDuringConstructionandCostControlQualityandSafetyConcernsinConstructionQualitycontrolandsafetyrepresentincreasinglyimportantconcernsforprojectmanagers.Defectsorfailuresinconstructedfacilitiescanresultinverylargecosts.Evenwithminorde

2、fects,re-constructionmayberequiredandfacilityoperationsimpaired.Increasedcostsanddelaysaretheresult.Intheworsecase,failuresmaycausepersonalinjuriesorfatalities.Accidentsduringtheconstructionprocesscansimilarlyresultinpersonalinjuriesandlargecosts.Indirectcostsofinsuran

3、ce,inspectionandregulationareincreasingrapidlyduetotheseincreaseddirectcosts.Goodprojectmanagerstrytoensurethatthejobisdonerightthefirsttimeandthatnomajoraccidentsoccursontheproject.Aswithcostcontrol,themostimportantdecisionsregardingthequalityofacompletedfacilityarema

4、deduringthedesignandplanningstagesratherthanduringconstruction.Itisduringthesepreliminarystagesthatcomponentconfigurations,materialspecificationsandfunctionalperformancearedecided.Qualitycontrolduringconstructionconsistslargelyofinsuringconformancetotheseoriginaldesign

5、andplanningdecisions.Whileconformancetoexistingdesigndecisionsistheprimaryfocusofqualitycontrol,theseareexceptionstothisrule.First,unforeseencircumstances,incorrectdesigndecisionsorchangesdesiredbyanownerinthefacilityfunctionmayrequirere-evaluationofdesigndecisionsduri

6、ngthecourseofconstruction.Whilethesechangesmaybemotivatedbytheconcernforquality,theyrepresentoccasionsforre-designwithalltheattendantobjectivesandconstraints.Asasecondcase,somedesignsrelyuponinformedandappropriatedecisionmakingduringtheconstructionprocessitself.Forexam

7、ple,sometunnelingmethodsmakedecisionsabouttheamountofshoringrequiredatdifferentlocationsbaseduponobservationofsoilconditionsduringthetunnelingprocess.Sincesuchdecisionsarebasedonbetterinformationconcerningactualsiteconditions,thefacilitydesignmaybemorecosteffectiveasar

8、esult.Anyspecialcaseofre-designduringconstructionrequiresthevariousconsiderationsdiscussed.Withtheattentiontoconforma