毕业论文外文翻译-电容式传感器操作

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1、大连交通大学2010届本科毕业生毕业设计（论文）外文翻译CapacitiveSensorOperationPart1:TheBasicsPart1ofthistwo-partarticlereviewstheconceptsandtheoryofcapacitivesensingtohelptooptimizecapacitivesensorperformance.Part2ofthisarticlewilldiscusshowtoputtheseconceptstowork.Noncontactca

2、pacitivesensorsmeasurethechangesinanelectricalpropertycalledcapacitance.Capacitancedescribeshowtwoconductiveobjectswithaspacebetweenthemrespondtoavoltagedifferenceappliedtothem.Avoltageappliedtotheconductorscreatesanelectricfieldbetweenthem,causingposit

3、iveandnegativechargestocollectoneachobject Capacitivesensorsuseanalternatingvoltagethatcausesthechargestocontinuallyreversetheirpositions.Themovementofthechargescreatesanalternatingelectriccurrentthatisdetectedbythesensor.Theamountofcurrentflowisdetermi

4、nedbythecapacitance,andthecapacitanceisdeterminedbythesurfaceareaandproximityoftheconductiveobjects.Largerandcloserobjectscausegreatercurrentthansmallerandmoredistantobjects.Capacitanceisalsoaffectedbythetypeofnonconductivematerialinthegapbetweentheobje

5、cts.Technicallyspeaking,thecapacitanceisdirectlyproportionaltothesurfaceareaoftheobjectsandthedielectricconstantofthematerialbetweenthem,andinverselyproportionaltothedistancebetweenthemasshown.:Intypicalcapacitivesensingapplications,theprobeorsensorison

6、eoftheconductiveobjectsandthetargetobjectistheother.(Usingcapacitivesensorstosenseplasticsandotherinsulatorswillbediscussedinthesecondpartofthisarticle.)Thesizesofthesensorandthetargetareassumedtobeconstant,asisthematerialbetweenthem.Therefore,anychange

7、incapacitanceisaresultofachangeinthedistancebetweentheprobeandthetarget.Theelectronicsarecalibratedtogeneratespecificvoltagechangesforcorrespondingchangesincapacitance.Thesevoltagesarescaledtorepresentspecificchangesindistance.Theamountofvoltagechangefo

8、ragivenamountofdistancechangeiscalledthesensitivity.Acommonsensitivitysettingis1.0V/100µm.Thatmeansthatforevery100µmchangeindistance,theoutputvoltagechangesexactly1.0V.Withthiscalibration,a2Vchangeintheoutputmeansthatthetargethas