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1、毕业论文电动自行车驱动系统研究摘要随着社会文明的发展,科学的进步,人类物质文化生活水平的提高和环保、能源意识的增强,社会呼唤着一种无污染、噪声低、操作简单、速度适中的个人交通代步工具。电动自行车作为一种理想的“绿色”代步工具,为人们带来了福音。考虑到我国目前的国情,电动自行车将迅速得到普及。本课题采用ATMEL公司AVR系列单片机ATmgea16作为控制芯片,兼顾成本与性能要求,做了以下方面的工作:首先,综述了电动自行车和稀土无刷直流电机的国内外的发展状况,基于其应用的特点,对电机的类型、控制策略、功率变换器与控制核心进行了综合的考虑
2、,提出了适合此情况的稀土无刷直流电机驱动系统方案。其次,根据AVR单片机的特点详细设计了系统的控制策略:将电流检测设计成分流电阻间接测流;将调速系统设计为电流、速度双闭环控制,以保证调速的精度和响应速度,并在软件中分别用PI算法来实现;制定了电机“软起动”控制方案;采用了高性能的驱动集成电路IR2130来驱动MOFSET组成的全桥逆变电路;将PWM波的发生及系统保护等功能采用主控芯片集中处理,增加了系统的可靠性。最后,依据控制策略设计了系统软、硬件。关键词:稀土无刷直流电机AVR控制系统PWMVAbstractWiththedevel
3、opmentofsocialcivilizationandscientificprogress,humanmaterialandculturallivingstandardsandenvironmentalprotection,energy,awarenessofthecommunitycallingforapollution-free,lownoise,simpleoperation,thespeedofpersonaltransportationaffordablemeansoftransport-Asanideal"green"
4、meansoftransport,electricbicyclebringsthegospel-TakingintoaccountChina'scurrentsituation,theelectricbikewillsoonbeuniversal.TheissueusesAVRMCUATmgea16ofATMELCompanyasthecontroller,takingintoaccountofthecostandperformancerequirements,doingthefollowingwork:Firstreviewingt
5、heelectricbicycleandrareearthbrushlessDCmotordevelopmentathomeandabroad,basingonthecharacteristicsofitsapplication,takingintoacomprehensiveaccountthetypeofmotor,controlstrategy,powerconverterandthecontrolofthecore-Adrivesystemsolutionsisproposedforthissituationrareearth
6、brushlessDCmotor.Secondly,accordingtothecharacteristicsofAVRmicrocontroller,Idesignedthesystemcontrolstrategydetailed:currentdetectionshuntresistordesignedtoindirectlymeasuretheflow;speedcontrolsystemdesignedforcurrent,velocity,double-loopcontroltoensuretheaccuracyandsp
7、eedofresponsespeed,andPIwasusedinthesoftwarealgorithmtoachieve;developingamotor"softstart"controlscheme;usinghigh-performanceintegratedcircuitIR2130drivertodriveMOFSETfull-bridgeinvertercircuitcomprising;thePWMwaveoccurrenceandsystemprotectionfeaturessuchascentralizedco
8、ntrolchipusedtoincreasetheVsystemreliability.Finally,designingthesoftwareandhardwareofthesystembasedonthecontr