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1、66Book14/2/0611:20amPagexiiThispageintentionallyleftblank66Book14/2/0611:20amPageiProkaryoticdiversity:mechanismsandsignificanceThetrueextentofprokaryotediversity,encompassingthespectrumofvariabilityamongbacteria,remainsunknown.Earlydiscussionsonprokaryotediversitywerefrequentlydevotedtoster
2、ileargumentsabout‘howmuch?’or‘howmany?’.Increasingly,however,thefocusisturningtowardstryingtounderstandwhyprokaryotediversificationoccurs,itsunderlyingmechanisms,anditslikelyimpact.Thesignificanceofsuchstudieshasabroadappeal,andthepopularscientificpressfrequentlyhighlightssuchtopicsastheemerge
3、nceofnewdiseases,theattributionofexistingdiseasestohithertounrealizedactionsofprokary-otes,andtheactivitiesofprokaryotesinkeyenvironmentalprocesses.Thedynamicnatureoftheprokaryoticworld,andcontinuingadvancesinthetechnologicaltoolsavailabletothisfieldofstudy,ensurethatthelateststoryillustrati
4、ngprokaryotediversityisneverfaraway.Thisbookwillappealtoawidevarietyofmicrobiologists.Itscoveragerangesfromstudiesofprokaryotesinspecializedenvironmentalnichestobroadexaminationsofpro-karyoteevolutionanddiversity,andthemechanismsunderlyingthem.Topicsinclude:bacteriaofthegastrointestinaltrac
5、t,unculturableorganismsinthemouthandinthesoil,thequestionofalinkbetweenchlamydiaandheartdisease,organismsfromextremeenvironments,thediversityofarchaeaandtheirphages,comparativegenomicsandtheemergenceofpathogens,spreadofgenomicislandsbetweenclinicalandenvironmentalorganisms,coregenes,minimal
6、genomesneededforlife,horizontalgenetransfer,genomicislandsandtheevolutionofcatabolicpathways,phenotypicinnovation,andpatternsandextentofbiodiversity.NiallA.LoganisProfessorofSystematicBacteriologyintheSchoolofLifeSciences,GlasgowCaledonianUniversity,UK.HilaryM.Lappin-ScottisProfessorofEnvir
7、onmentalMicrobiologyintheSchoolofBiosciences,UniversityofExeter,UK.PetraC.F.OystonisTeamLeaderinMolecularBacteriologyatDstlPortonDown,Salisbury,UK.66Book14/2/0611:20amPageiiSymposiaoftheSocietyforGeneralMicrobiologyManagingEditor:DrMelanieScourfield,SGM,R
