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1、ImplementationofMultipleIntelligencesSupportedProject-BasedLearninginEFL/ESLClassroomsGökhanBasKaratliSehitSahinYilmazSecondarySchool,Nigde,TurkeyIntroductionForover100years,educatorssuchasJohnDeweyhavereportedonthebenefitsofexperiential,hands-on,student-directedlearning.Mostteachers,knowin
2、gthevalueofengaging,challengingprojectsforstudents,haveplannedfieldtrips,laboratoryinvestigations,andinterdisciplinaryactivitiesthatenrichandextendthecurriculum."Doingprojects"isalong-standingtraditionineducation(Grant,2002;Merkham,etal.2003).Theworldhaschanged.Nearlyallteachersunderstandho
3、wourindustrialculturehasshapedtheorganisationandmethodsofschoolsinthe19thand20thcenturies,andtheyrecognisethatschoolsmustnowadapttoanewcentury.Itisclearthatchildrenneedbothknowledgeandskillstosucceed.Thisneedisdrivennotonlybyworkforcedemandsforhigh-performanceemployeeswhocanplan,collaborate
4、,andcommunicate,butalsobytheneedtohelpallyoungpeoplelearncivicresponsibilityandmastertheirnewrolesasglobalcitizens(Merkham,etal.2003:3).Project-basedlearningisaninstructionalmethodcenteredonthelearner.Insteadofusingarigidlessonplanthatdirectsalearnerdownaspecificpathoflearningoutcomesorobje
5、ctives,project-basedlearningallowsin-depthinvestigationofatopicworthlearningmoreabout(Erdem,2002;Harris&Katz,2001).Thebasisofproject-basedapproachesishardlynew.Earlyinthe1920s,WilliamHeardKilpatrick,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversityTeachersCollegeandcolleagueofJohnDewey,advocatedproject-basedi
6、nstruction.Hisnotionwasthatsuchinstructionshouldincludefourcomponents:purposing,planning,executing,andjudging(Foshay,1999).1WhatisProjectBasedLearning?Inasense,theneedforeducationtoadapttoachangingworldistheprimaryreasonthatproject-basedlearning(PBL)isincreasinglypopular.PBLisanattempttocre
7、atenewinstructionalpracticesthatreflecttheenvironmentinwhichchildrennowliveandlearn.And,astheworldcontinuestochange,sodoesourdefinitionofPBL.Themostimportantrecentshiftineducationhasbeentheincreasedemphasisonstandards,clearoutcomes,andaccountability.PBLi
