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1、语法专项整理(一)名词1、名词的种类:专有名词China,Beijing,Amy,January,Monday,普通名词可数名词单数abook,apencil,anapple,anumbrella,复数books,pencils,apples,umbrellas,不可数名词milk,water,juice,tea,rice,2、专有名词:专有名词是指某个人、某些地方、某样物品专有的名称。Children’sDay专有名词第一个字母要大写,前面不加a,an,the3、单数名词:(1)一般名词,在前面加a:abook,acomputer,(2)元音字母开头的名词,在前面加an:anegg,a
2、norange(元音字母是:a,e,i,o,u)少数例外:anhour,auniversity(以元音发音为准)4、复数名词:规则:情况规则例词一般情况加scats,appleso,s,x,ch,sh结尾加epotatoes,buses,classes,boxes,watches辅音字母加y结尾去y加iesbutterfly--butterflies元音字母加y结尾加sdays,keys,boysf,fe结尾变成vesleaf--leaves,knife--knives不规则:情况例词改变元音foot--feet,tooth--teeth,goose--geese,man--men,wo
3、man--women,词尾发生变化child—children,mouse--mice单复数同形sheep--sheep,deer--deer,fish--fish,people--people5、不可数名词:在不可数名词前只能加some(一些),much(许多)(1)液体:water,milk,coke,coffee,juice,tea(2)气体:air,vapour(3)不能“个别的”存在:hair,rice,beef,meat,pork,mutton语法专项整理(二)代词1、人称代词2、人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称heh
4、imtheythemsheheritit2、物主代词人称单数复数形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称mymineourours第二人称youryoursyouryours第三人称hishistheirtheirsherhersitsits3、指示代词:this,that,these,those如:Thisismydoll.ThatisMary’s.Lookatthethosesheep.Theyareeatinggrass.语法专项整理(三)数词1、基数词:表示数目的多少2、oneonehundredtwotwentyonethousandthreethirteenthirty三位数要在
5、百位和十位之间加and如:onehundredandsixteen116onehundredandtwenty-one121fourfourteenfortyfivefifteenfiftysixsixteensixtysevernseventeenseventyeighteighteeneightyninenineteenninetyten加teen加ty两位数(非整十)中间加连字符“-”如:fifty-one51eleventwelve1、序数词:表示顺序第一至第十第十一至第十九第二十及以上firsteleventhsecondtwelfthtwentieththirdthirtee
6、nththirtiethfourthfourteenthfortiethfifthfifteenthfiftiethsixthsixteenthsixtiethseventhseventeenthseventietheightheighteentheightiethninthnineteenthninetiethtenth除第1、2、3,直接加thty结尾,变y为ie,再加th语法专项整理(五)介词1、介词的分类词类例词时间介词at7:00,inthemorning,onMonday,beforelunch,afterdinner,方位介词onthedesk,inthepark,atho
7、me,underthetree,behindthedoor,overthebed,infrontofthehouse,nearthelake,nexttothecinema,动向介词gotoschool,jumpintothewater,climbupthetree,skidownthemountain,runoutofthedoor方式介词bybike,onfoot,playwithmyfriend2、at,on,in在表示时间时