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1、TheComposingCharacteristicsoftheCalloftheWildⅠ.IntroductionItisoftensaidthatLondon'scharacterslackdepth,butthatseemsanunfaircriticism.Whileitistruethatmuchofhis"hack-work"suffersfromsuperficialcharacterdevelopment,hisbestworkreachesdeeplyintohischaracters'hearts,sometimesi
2、ntheformofanthropomorphism,aswithBuck,thedog-hero.ThereisalwayssomethingpowerfulandshocksinLondon’snovel.TheCalloftheWildisoneofhistypicalworks.LondonparticularlyaddedtheelementsofnaturalismandcollectiveunconsciousnessinthecreationoftheCalloftheWild.Heattachedimportancetot
3、heroleofgeneticsandevolution.Hedidnotindulgeindetailsinthedescriptionofthenovel,nordidherevealtoomuchpersonalfeeling.Inhisexperienceofgoldrushlifeinthenorth,heobservedthroughtheviewofBuckthatnomatterhowharshthenaturalenvironmentofthenorthcouldpossiblybe,itwasstillbeautiful
4、,justandlogical.TheworldofthenorthintheCalloftheWildwascold,butitwasalsobrilliantandpure.ThepureandendlesswhitenessisjusttheprolongedmetaphorLondonproducedforthenatureofhumanandanimalinthepastandpresent.Ⅱ.AbouttheAuthorJackGriffithLondon,whoselifesymbolizedthepowerofwill,w
5、asthemostsuccessfulwriterinAmericaintheearly20thCentury.HisrealnamewasJohnChaneyandhewasbornonJanuary12,1876,in19SanFrancisco,California.HewastheillegitimatesonofFloraWellmanandWilliamChaney,anitinerantwriter,teacherandastrologer.Thecoupleseparatedsoonafterhewasborn,andwit
6、hinafewmonthsFloramarriedJohnLondon,soFloraWellman'sbabyboywaschristenedJohnGriffithLondon.London'svigorousstoriesofmenandanimalsagainsttheenvironment,andsurvivalagainsthardshipweredrawnmainlyfromhisownexperience.LondonpassedhischildhoodinpovertyintheOaklandslums.Atfifteen
7、hebecameahobo;atsixteen,anoysterpirateandlongshoreman.Attheageofseventeen,heventuredtoseaonasealingship.Theturningpointofhislifewasathirty-dayimprisonmentthatwassodegradingitmadehimdecidedtoturntoeducationandpursueacareerinwriting.HisyearsintheKlondikesearchingforgoldleftt
8、heirmarkinhisbestshortstories;amongthem,TheCalloftheWild,andWhiteFang.Hisbestnovel,TheSea
