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1、OntheOriginsandFunctionsofAmericanSlang美国俚语起缘及其功能分析AbstractModernAmericanslangisanon-writtenlanguageinnovationandthecrystalofhistoryandculture.Slangisanobjectiveexistencewhichisoftenusedbymanypeople,andhasbecomeanintegralcomponentofthelanguageandanimportantcommunicationtool.Butito
2、ftenleavesavulgar,frivolousimpressiontopeople.Infact,asacommunicationtoolforpeople,itcannotberegardedasgoodorbad.Americanslangdevelopsrapidly,whichhasastrongculturalflavorasaspecialcarrier.ThispaperelaboratesthereasonofAmericanslangexistencefromtheanglesofhistory,society,psycholog
3、yandpersonalityofAmericans.Ontheotherhand,thispaperanalyzestheexistencevalueofAmericanslangfromtheaspectsofrefractionfunctionandusagefunction.Theslangrefractsthediscrepancyofsocialidentity,thetrendoforalEnglishandthelifeofordinarypeople.Atthesametime,itrefractsakindofattitudebywhi
4、chthepeopletreatthereality.Itsusagefunctionincludesovercomingthecommunicativebarrierandprovokingthevigoroflanguage.KeyWords:Americanculture;slang;function 摘 要现代美国俚语是一种非书面性语言的创新,是历史和文化的结晶,俚语是客观存在的被许多人经常使用的语言,是词汇中不可或缺的组成部分,已成为及其重要的交际工具。但它常常留给人粗俗,轻佻的印象。实际上,作为人们交际工具的语言,本身没有阶级性。美国俚语发展迅
5、速,它作为美国文化一种特殊的载体,具有浓厚的文化色彩。本文将从历史,社会,心理以及美国人的性格特征等方面分析了美国俚语产生的原因。另一方面,又将从俚语的反映功能和使用功能来阐述美国俚语存在的价值。它反映了一种现实包括语言的身份差异,英语口语的发展方向,普通民众的真实生活。同时它还反映了一种态度:人们通过语言而表明自己对现实的态度。它的使用功能则包括了在使用中克服语言交际障碍,激发语言的活力。关键词 :美国文化;俚语;功能IntroductionInAmerica,moreandmorepeoplearepartialtousingslangintheird
6、ailylifecommunicationandwritingtechnique.Inthepast,people’simpressionofslangmaybethatslangisrude,dirty,andindecent;buttoday,asahighlycolloquialspeechwhichhasbecomethemostcolorfulandvividmemberofthefamilyoflanguages.“ThevocabularyofanordinaryAmericagenerallyisestimatedat10,000---20
7、,000words…accordingtomyconservativeestimationabout2,000wordsareslang.”(Chapman,R.ed.4)ThenumbershowstheimportantstatusofslanginAmericanEnglish,thereforeweshouldeliminatethetraditionalbiasofslang.SlangispopularinAmericabecauseofitsfreshness,lifelikeness,humor,anditisaneffectivewayo
8、fcommunication;atthesametime,ital