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1、第二讲代词一、定义:代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。二、代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词和关系代词等。常见的代词分类表:分类 例词人称代词 we , you , he , she , it , them物主代词my , your , his , our , their , mine , hers , theirs , ours反身代词myself , yourself , ourselves , itself , themselves指示代词this , that , these , those不定代词al
2、l , some , any , much , many , few , little相互代词each other , one another 疑问代词who , whom , whose , which , what 连接代词who , whom , whose , which , what 关系代词who , whom , whose , that , which , as1.人称代词分类及用法人称代词人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit(1)主格:作主语,表示谁怎么样了
3、、干什么了。 I am a teacher. You are student. He feelshappyeveryday. We/You/They .gotoschooleveryweekday. (2)宾格:作宾语,表示动作行为的对象,一般放在动词后面。Give it to me. Let’s go (let’s =let us) 2.物主代词物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。 形容词性物主代词可以作定语,也就是讲它可以作形容词,后面要跟名词。 如:This is my book. 名性词的物主代词后面不能跟名词。如:This book is mine.=
4、This is my book.人称我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs在句中用作主语、宾语、表语、和介词of连用。如: Here is my dog. Its name is Tom.(形容词性物主代词its作name的定语) My sister lost her bicycle. (形容词性物主代词her作bicycle的定语) Is that
5、 coffee yours or hers? (名词性物主代词) It’syourpen=It’syours.It’sherdress=It’shers. (1)名词性物主代词的用法 A. 作主语 如: May I use your pen? Yours (=your pen) works better. B. 作宾语 如:I love my motherland as much as you love yours (=your motherland). 我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。C. 作介词宾语 I am writing with your pen, not
6、 with mine(=my pen). d. 作表语 如:My life is yours. It's yours. It's yours. 我的生命属于你,属于你,属于你。(2) 形容词性物主代词的用法 A. 形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,其顺序是:形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词。如: My new bike 我的新自行车 her young son 她年幼的儿子 B. 形容词性物主代词所修饰的名词可以是单数,也可以是复数。如: my pen我的钢笔 his books他的书 C.形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,它后面必须跟名词,即在名词前作定
7、语。 如:这是我的钢笔.[误]This pen is my.(错误的原因:my在此句中单独使用) [正]This is my pen. D. 当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用冠词来修饰名词(注:冠词包括定冠词the和不定冠词a, an两类)。如: 那是我的自行车.[误]That is my a bike. / That is a bike. 错误原因:不定冠词a和形容词性物主代词my同时出现 [正]That is my bike. (3)当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用指示代词th